| 颗粒接触力检测方法评述 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘建国,孙其诚,金峰,辛海丽.颗粒接触力检测方法评述[J].岩土力学,2009,30(Z1):121-128. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘建国 孙其诚 金峰 辛海丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京,100084 |
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| 基金项目： | 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室自主项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 颗粒物质是大量固体颗粒体系的集合体,其特性区别于普通固体和液体等物质的性质,颗粒物质基础力学问题的研究20年来一直是科学的前沿,从分析多尺度结构和相关物理机制的角度研究颗粒物质可能取得突破.首先介绍了微观尺度--亦即单颗粒尺度颗粒间接触力的检测方法,包括高精度电子天平称重法、显色灵敏复写纸压痕方法、光弹实验方法、荧光共聚焦显微镜法和磁共振弹性成像法等,根据检测过程中是否对颗粒带来影响划分为接触式检测和非接触式检测两大类,并对这些方法的工作原理、检测结果和优缺点进行了评述.我们指出接触式测量对颗粒体系带来了或多或少的干扰,特别是由于力链对局部力的变化反应极为敏感,轻微的变化足以使得力链结构发生很大变化,开展无干扰的光测实验是必然的发展趋势,而现阶段开展二维光弹性实验是很有意义的.最后介绍了作者正在进行的颗粒物质光弹力学实验的研究工作.
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| 关 键 词： | 颗粒物质 有效应力 力链 多尺度结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-05-20 |
Review of contact force measurements in granular materials |
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| LIU Jian-guo,SUN Qi-cheng,JIN Feng,XIN Hai-li.Review of contact force measurements in granular materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(Z1):121-128. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jian-guo SUN Qi-cheng JIN Feng XIN Hai-li |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Granular materials usually display strange mechanical behaviours, and their understandings still stay in the infancy so far. It is reported that a large assemblage of individual solids in granular material further form a clear hierarchy, i.e. microscale for single particles, mesoscale for force chains and macroscale for the whole granular material. Especially, the mesoscale force chain is postulated being a determinative factor in higher scale behaviours. In this review, we introduce 5 widely used detecting techniques of contact forces in particle scales. Due to highly sensitive response of force chain to external conditions, we further classify them into noninvasive and invasive 2 types based on the strength of influence on force chain. We propose that the invasive measurement would be promising for granular material study in the future. At this stage, photoelasticity technique is appropriate for 2D systems. Finally, we briefly introduce photoelasticity experiments conducted in Tsinghua University. |
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| Keywords: | granular material effective stress force chains soil skeleton |
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