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Simulation of a groundwater fall caused by geological discontinuities |
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| Authors: | Wenping Li Zhenying Liu Haipeng Guo Ning Li Weidong Kang |
| Institution: | 1. China Institute of Geo-Environmental Monitoring, No. 20 Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China 3. College of Engineering, Shijiazhuang University of Economics, Beijing, 050031, PR China 4. Institute of Environmental Engineering (IfU), ETH Zurich, 8093, Switzerland 5. Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, PR China |
| Abstract: | In some areas close to a reverse fault with significant vertical displacement, or the boundary of a mining area in multi-layer rock and the boundary of perched water, the phreatic water-level changes abruptly from one side of the fault or boundary to the other. There is no direct hydraulic connection between the two sides and a groundwater fall occurs across the fault or boundary. This groundwater fall cannot be easily handled by the modules available in MODFLOW. Semi-analytical solutions were derived for water discharge from the upstream to the downstream side of the fault or boundary, and verified by air-water two-phase numerical simulation. The numerical results show that the derived semi-analytical solutions can be used to accurately estimate the groundwater flux at the fault even though the unsaturated zone is not considered. A module package, GWF, was developed to simulate the groundwater fall, which can be embedded directly into MODFLOW. A theoretical example is presented to show how the package GWF is used to simulate perched water. This package was also applied successfully to build a regional groundwater model of the Urumqi River Basin, Xinjiang, China, and the simulation results showed good agreement with the local hydrogeologic conditions. |
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