| 黑河下游尾闾区植物群落物种多样性与稳定性格局 |
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| 引用本文： | 司瑞,刘冰,赵文智,朱钊岑,赵颖.黑河下游尾闾区植物群落物种多样性与稳定性格局[J].中国沙漠,2021,41(3):174-184. |
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| 作者姓名： | 司瑞 刘冰 赵文智 朱钊岑 赵颖 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站/中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA23060304);国家自然科学基金项目(41771038);黑河流域自然资源要素综合观测试点项目(DD202008065) |
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| 摘 要： | 黑河下游尾闾区作为西北干旱区典型的脆弱生态系统，其植物群落物种多样性与稳定性对维持该地区生态安全和可持续发展具有重要意义。以黑河下游尾闾区荒漠植被为研究对象，采用K-Means聚类，基于距河道距离及其对应的土壤含水量数据，将黑河下游尾闾区垂直于河道0—4 km区域可分为距河0—0.3 km（T0-0.3）、0.3—1.7 km（T0.3-1.7）和1.7—4.0 km（T1.7-4.0）3个距离梯度，研究不同距离梯度下植物群落物种组成、多样性和稳定性特征，并进一步探讨了黑河下游尾闾区主要植物最适宜土壤水分需求。结果表明：（1）近河0—0.3 km区域以耐湿耐盐碱的草本为主，优势种为芦苇（Phragmites communis）、盐爪爪（Kalidium foliatum）、苦豆子（Sophora alopecuroides）和冰草（Agropyron cristatum）；距河道0.3—1.7 km区域出现的植物种类数目最多，以乔木为主，兼有灌木和草本，优势种为柽柳和胡杨；距河道1.7—4.0 km区域出现的植物种类数目最少，以极耐旱的灌木和亚灌木等荒漠植被为主，优势种为红砂（Reaumuria songarica）和梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）。（2）3个距离梯度下Simpson指数、Pielou指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和丰富度指数R均表现为距河0.3—1.7 km>0—0.3 km>1.7—4.0 km，而植物群落稳定性与物种多样性间呈现出相反的变化趋势，即群落稳定性表现为距河1.7—4.0 km>0—0.3 km>0.3—1.7 km。（3）当黑河下游尾闾区距河0—0.3、0.3—1.7 km和1.7—4.0 km区域植被最适宜土壤含水量分别为27%—31%、15%—22%和4%—7%，有利于维持该区域植物群落物种多样性与稳定性。
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| 关 键 词： | 黑河下游尾闾区 多样性 稳定性 最适宜土壤水分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-12-18 |
Species diversity and stability patterns of plant communities in the tail area of the Heihe River |
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| Rui Si,Bing Liu,Wenzhi Zhao,Zhaocen Zhu,Ying Zhao.Species diversity and stability patterns of plant communities in the tail area of the Heihe River[J].Journal of Desert Research,2021,41(3):174-184. |
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| Authors: | Rui Si Bing Liu Wenzhi Zhao Zhaocen Zhu Ying Zhao |
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| Institution: | 1.Linze Inland River Basin Research Station / Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China |
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| Abstract: | As a typical fragile ecosystem in the northwest arid regions in China， the species diversity and stability of the vegetation community are critical to ensuring ecological security and sustaining regional sustainable development. In this study， the distance from river bank was divided into three gradients， including 0.3 km （T0-0.3）， 0.3 to 1.7 km （T0.3-1.7） and 1.7 to 4.0 km （T1.7-4.0） by the method of K-Means clustering with the data of soil moisture in the tail area of the lower Heihe River ， to investigate the vegetation types， species diversity and vegetation stability and satisfy the suitable soil water for plants. The results showed that： （1） vegetation are dominated by plants with the characteristics of resistance to wet saline， trees mingling with shrubs and herbs， and drought-tolerant shrubs and sub-shrubs within the 0-0.3 km， 0.3-1.7 km， 1.7-4.0 km distance from river bank. （2） The Simpson index， Pielou index， Shannon-wiener index and richness index are the largest and least within the 0.3-1.7 km and 1.7-4.0 km distance from river bank， respectively， the vegetation community stability and diversity index are opposite. （3） The suitable soil water for plants are 27%-31%， 15%-22% and 4%-7% within the 0-0.3 km， 0.3-1.7 km， 1.7-4.0 km distance from river bank， respectively. This study deepen our knowledge of sustaining the species diversity and community stability in the river-tail area in arid regions. |
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| Keywords: | tail area of Heihe River diversity stability optimum for soil moisture |
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