Solar wind effects on ionospheric convection: a review |
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| Institution: | 1. High Altitute Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA;2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7 RH, UK;3. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA;4. Danish Space Research Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark;1. The I.Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street, 14, Kaliningrad, 236041, Russia;2. WD IZMIRAN, Pobeda Avenue, 41, Kaliningrad, 236017, Russia;1. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, India;2. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, India;3. 3/78, Periyavilai, Pulippunam, Kanyakumari, India;4. Equatorial Geophysical Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Tirunelveli, India;5. MF Radar Facility, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Shivaji University Campus, Kolhapur, India;1. Space Research Institute, Prosp. Akad. Glushkova 40, Build. 4/1, 03187, MSP Kyiv-187, Ukraine;2. Institute of Radio Astronomy NAS of Ukraine, Chervonopraporna St. 4, 61002, Kharkiv, Ukraine;1. Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia;2. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Russia;3. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Russia;4. MPI für Sonnensystemforschung, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere are intrinsically coupled through magnetic field lines. The electrodynamic state of the high-latitude ionosphere is controlled by several geophysical processes, such as the location and rate of magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause and in the magnetotail, and the energisation and precipitation of solar wind and magnetospheric plasmas. Amongst the most observed ionospheric manifestation of solar wind/magnetospheric processes are the convection bursts associated with the so-called flux transfer events (FTEs), magnetic impulse events (MIEs), and travelling convection vortices (TCVs). Furthermore, the large-scale ionospheric convection configuration has also demonstrated a strong correspondence to variations in the interplanetary medium and substorm activity. This report briefly discusses the progress made over the past decade in studies of these transient convection phenomena and outlines some unsettled questions as well as future research directions. |
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