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Stable Isotope Ratios: Hurricane Olivia |
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| Authors: | James R Lawrence Stanley David Gedzelman John Gamache Michael Black |
| Institution: | (1) Department of Geosciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-5503, U.S.A.;(2) Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, U.S.A.;(3) Hurricane Research Division, NOAA/AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149, U.S.A. |
| Abstract: | The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of rains from HurricaneOlivia (1994) in the eastern Pacific were measured. The rains werecollected on 24 and 25 September during airplane flights conducted at anelevation of 3 km. Hurricane Olivia peaked in intensity to a category-4storm between the two dates. Isotope ratios of rains from HurricaneOlivia were markedly lower ( 18O = –13.9 to –28.8) than that of rain collected from a thunderstormat an elevation of 2.3 km outside the influence of Olivia (18O = –3.8). A distinct decrease in isotoperatios from the first day to the next ( 18O =–18.4 to –21.9) in Hurricane Olivia wasattributed to decreased updraft velocities and outflow aloft. Thisshifted the isotopic water mass balance so that fewer hydrometeors werelifted and more ice descended to flight level. A decrease in the averagedeuterium excess from the first day to the next (d = 15.5 to 7.1)was attributed to an increase in the relative humidity of the watervapor `source' area. We hypothesize that the `source' region for therain was in the boundary layer near the storm center and that becausethe hurricane was at peak intensity prior to the second day the relative humidity was higher. |
| Keywords: | hurricane stable isotopes of rain storm dynamics |
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