Urban irrigation in the modeling of a semi-arid urban environment: Ballona Creek watershed,Los Angeles,California |
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| Authors: | Bryant Reyes Terri S Hogue Reed M Maxwell |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado, USA brreyes@alumni.mines.edu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-4657;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-8896;4. Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-4441 |
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| Abstract: | ABSTRACT Ballona Creek watershed in Los Angeles, California provides a unique combination of heterogeneous urban land cover, a semi-arid environment, and a large outdoor water-use flux that presents a challenge for physically-based models. We ran simulations using the Noah Land Surface Model and Parflow-Community Land Model and compared to observations of evapotranspiration (ET), runoff, and land surface temperature (LST) for the entire 11-year study period. Both models were systematically adjusted to test the impact of land cover and urban irrigation on simulation results. Monthly total runoff and ET results are greatly improved when compared to an in-situ stream gauge and meteorological tower data: from 0.64 to 0.81 for the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) for runoff and from a negative NSE to 0.82 for ET. The inclusion of urban irrigation in semi-arid urban environments is found to be vital, but not sufficient, for the accurate simulation of variables in the studied models. |
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| Keywords: | urban irrigation water use land surface modeling semi-arid evapotranspiration runoff land surface temperature |
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-4657;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado, USA