| 潮汐河口环流、湍流、混合与层化的物理学 |
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| 引用本文： | 时 钟,熊龙兵,倪智慧,李 霞.潮汐河口环流、湍流、混合与层化的物理学[J].海岸工程,2019,38(1):1-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 时 钟 熊龙兵 倪智慧 李 霞 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海交通大学 船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海 200030;海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海 200030;高新船舶与深海开发技术中心,上海 200030;上海交通大学 船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海,200030 |
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| 基金项目： | 海洋工程国家重点实验室自主研究课题———小尺度海洋湍流(GKZD010071/021) |
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| 摘 要： | 简要回顾了潮汐河口环流、湍流、混合与层化的基本物理概念、内涵、研究方法、研究成果,指出了主要的研究进展,最后,展望了今后的研究方向。本文不考虑悬沙和风浪的影响。经典的河口环流也因潮汐应变的出现而受到挑战,河口环流由重力环流和潮汐应变环流构成。"涡黏度-剪切协方差(ESCO)"概念的提出,又区分出重力ESCO环流与潮汐ESCO环流。横向环流,尤其具有曲率的弯道中的横向环流,也得到进一步的理解。涡度方法的应用,揭示横向环流不仅由各种不同物理机制造成,而且对纵向河口重力环流有重要的影响。分层流中剪切湍流的理论加深了人们对潮汐河口湍流、混合的物理学的认识,势能差异方程更是使得定量理解潮汐河口混合与层化的三维时间、空间变化成为可能。
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| 关 键 词： | 河口 环流 湍流 混合 层化 |
The Physics of Circulation,Turbulence,Mixing and Stratification in Tidal Estuaries |
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| SHI John Zhong,XIONG Long-bing,NI Zhi-hui,LI Xia.The Physics of Circulation,Turbulence,Mixing and Stratification in Tidal Estuaries[J].Coastal Engineering,2019,38(1):1-31. |
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| Authors: | SHI John Zhong XIONG Long-bing NI Zhi-hui LI Xia |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai 200030, China;
3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deeep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai 200030, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper briefly presents an overview of the physics of circulation, turbulence, mixing and stratification in tidal estuaries, including their physical concepts, contents, approachs and results. Significant progresses have been highlighted. Both the effects of suspended sediment and wind waves have not been taken into account. Classical estuarine circulation has been challenged because of the occurrence of tidal straining. Estuarine circulation is caused by both gravitational circulation and tidal straining circulation. The proposed concept of “Eddy viscosity-Shear COvariance (ESCO)” may further enable the identifications of gravitational ESCO circulation and tidal ESCO circulation, respectively. Understanding of lateral circulation, especially within the curved channel, has been furthered. Application of vorticity approach to lateral circulation shows that the latter has been caused by the different physical mechanisms and has an important effect on along-channel estuarine gravitational circulation. Turbulent shear flow in stratified fluids has enhanced our understanding of the physics of turbulence and mixing in tidal estuaries. The potential energy anomaly equation seems to enable our quantitative understanding of the three-dimensional temporal and spatial variability of mixing and stratification in tidal estuaries. |
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| Keywords: | stuary circulation turbulence mixing stratification |
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