| 黑河流域水资源的统一管理与承载能力的提高 |
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| 引用本文： | 高前兆,仵彦卿,刘发民,胡兴林.黑河流域水资源的统一管理与承载能力的提高[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(2):156-161. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高前兆 仵彦卿 刘发民 胡兴林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院,寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃,兰州,730000
2. 甘肃省水文水资源局,甘肃,兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX 1 10 03)，国家攻关项目(2001BA901A42)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 黑河流域中、下游水资源利用矛盾十分尖锐，利益调整也极为复杂，1999年成立了黑河流域管理局，为实现以流域为单元，进行统一规划、统一调度、统一管理，建立权威、高效、协调的流域管理体制创造了条件，并在2000年和2001年实施“全线闭口、集中下泄”全流域水资源定量分配。实践证明只要掌握山区水资源动态、实施退耕还林还草与退水、从农业节水开发流域水资源潜力，完全可以取得成功。尽管在实施国务院批准的跨省区的分水方案时，还存在诸多困难，但只要加紧采取“保护上游、整治中游、拯救下游”的综合治理、强化全流域水资源统一管理、加快流域全面节水步伐、加大科技投入等四方面措施，就能突破流域水资源瓶颈障碍，力求不增加流域消耗水量，而达到经济增长，并使流域生态系统逐步走向良性循环。
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| 关 键 词： | 水资源管理 承载力 黑河流域 水量变化 水文资料 水资源开发 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X(2004)02-0156-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年9月28日 |
Unified Management of Water Resources and Enhance of Carrying Capacity in Heihe River Basin |
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| GAO Qian-zhao.Unified Management of Water Resources and Enhance of Carrying Capacity in Heihe River Basin[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(2):156-161. |
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| Authors: | GAO Qian-zhao |
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| Institution: | GAO Qian-zhao~ |
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| Abstract: | There are very keen contradictories of water resources use and highly complexity of local benefit adjustment between the middle and the lower reaches of Heihe River Basin. For constructing a authoritative, high efficient and harmonious management system of the whole basin, the Administrative Bureau of Heihe River Basin has been set up since 1999 to carry out unifying planning, whole basin management and reasonable dispatch of water resources. In the year 2000 and 2001, a quantitative allocation scheme for the whole basin to close whole outlets at the middle reaches and concentrate river water into lower reaches was brought into effect. The practice proved that it could completely be successful to carry out the quantitative allocation of water resources in whole Heihe River Basin as long as mastering the dynamics of water resources in mountain area, implementing withdrawing from cultivated land to forests and grass lands and returning water to the down-streams, and exploiting the potential of basin water resources from water saving of agriculture. Although there still exists a lot of difficulties in putting the beyond-province allocation scheme that was approved by the State Council into effect, the bottle neck obstruct of water resources in the basin could be broken, local economy could be getting growth without increasing the water consumption in the basin, and it could be making the ecological system of the basin into a preferable circle step by step as long as carrying out the following four measures of comprehensive rehabilitation, strengthening management, accelerating water saving and increasing invests of science and technology etc. |
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| Keywords: | management of water resources carrying capacity Heihe River Basin |
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