| AIRS观测的东亚夏季平流层重力波特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 姚志刚,赵增亮,韩志刚.AIRS观测的东亚夏季平流层重力波特征[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1121-1134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姚志刚 赵增亮 韩志刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京应用气象研究所, 北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业专项(GYHY201406011);国家自然科学基金项目(41375024);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB950802)共同资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 对流性重力波对中层大气环境有显著影响.重力波活动及重力波源的地理和季节性变化等信息是理解和模拟重力波效应的基础.卫星高光谱红外大气垂直探测器AIRS的4μm和15μm波段可用于识别30~40km高度范围和41km高度附近的重力波,其11μm通道可同步观测对流层深对流.观测个例表明,海面和陆面上空的平流层扰动影响范围均可达1000km,不同高度的扰动强度分布也存在差异.基于2007年6月至8月的AIRS观测资料,分析了东亚区域的对流层深对流活动和平流层的重力波,得到了深对流和重力波发生频率的水平分布.统计结果表明,东亚区域夏季夜间的深对流活动明显少于白天,但AIRS观测到的平流层重力波发生频率和扰动强度均显著大于白天,揭示了夜间对流层深对流诱发的平流层重力波在强度、范围等方面可能与白天存在显著差异.进一步对比分析表明,AIRS观测的平流层扰动高值区与深对流高值区明显不同.平流层重力波与对流层深对流之间的相关分析表明,在36°N以南的区域,41km高度上AIRS观测的重力波中,深对流云诱发的重力波的比例约为30%~100%.在10°N至36°N区间,90%的深对流均可诱发平流层重力波.分析得到的30~40km高度区间和41km高度附近的重力波水平分布对比表明,后一高度上的扰动强度明显大于前一高度,且前一高度在东南亚区域存在强扰动中心而在后一高度则没有.最后,给出了AIRS观测的几种典型形态的东亚区域平流层波动,表明了该区域平流层环境波动形态的复杂性和多样性.
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| 关 键 词： | 东亚 平流层 重力波 高光谱红外 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-03-24 |
Stratospheric gravity waves during summer over East Asia derived from AIRS observations |
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| YAO Zhi-Gang,ZHAO Zeng-Liang,HAN Zhi-Gang.Stratospheric gravity waves during summer over East Asia derived from AIRS observations[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(4):1121-1134. |
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| Authors: | YAO Zhi-Gang ZHAO Zeng-Liang HAN Zhi-Gang |
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| Institution: | Beijing Institute of the Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) are the most important process in the middle and upper atmosphere and are usually associated with convection in the lower atmosphere in summer. The satellite observation is an important data source in the study of the middle and upper atmospheric gravity waves, especially in marine areas lacking radiosonde data. Stratospheric GWs can be directly detected by using the AIRS stratospheric radiation observations. To understand the characteristics of the stratospheric gravity waves over East Asia, this study uses the hyperspectral infrared remote sensing data with the original spatial resolution to analyze the GWs in summer of 2007.AIRS observations from June to August of 2007 at different bands are used to analyze the deep convection and the stratospheric gravity waves over East Asia. Brightness temperatures (BTs) at 11 μm are applied to identify the deep convection. BTs in the band of 4 μm are used to identify the stratospheric GWs. The spatial correlation analysis is conducted between the deep convection and stratospheric GWs. The BT perturbations at 4 μm and 15 μm are used to analyze the GW intensity in 30~40 km and near 41 km. Finally, several typical shapes of gravity waves are presented.AIRS observations show that over sea and land in the summer, stratospheric perturbation propagation from the source can be up to 1000 km away. The results of convection analysis and GW identification indicate that although the occurrence frequency of the deep convection events is significantly greater in the daytime than in the nighttime, the GW occurrence frequency is less in the daytime. The results show that the GW occurrence frequency in summer is up to 30%. The comparison shows that the active region of the deep convection is different from the most active gravity wave region although the stratospheric gravity waves and the deep convection are strongly correlated. Furthermore, it is found that the distribution patterns of the brightness temperature variances in 30~40 km and near 41 km extracted from AIRS are dramatically different. Finally, BT perturbation analysis shows that the distribution pattern of GWs seems very complicated.The stratospheric perturbation and the deep convection in East Asia are strongly statistically correlated, but their most active regions do not overlap very well. The stratospheric perturbation at night and its source may have a great spatial and temporal gap. In the near future, the numerical simulation and AIRS observations will be used to further verify the connection between the deep convection and stratospheric GWs. |
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| Keywords: | East Asia Stratosphere Gravity wave Hyperspectral infrared |
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