| 塔里木盆地冷盆热改造的地震学证据 |
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| 引用本文： | 王腾飞,黄少英,程日辉,肖中尧,王典,能源,蒋飞,杨宝俊.塔里木盆地冷盆热改造的地震学证据[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(3):992-1002. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王腾飞 黄少英 程日辉 肖中尧 王典 能源 蒋飞 杨宝俊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 吉林大学地球科学学院, 长春 130061;2. 中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院, 新疆 库尔勒 841000;3. 吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春 130026 |
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| 基金项目： | 中石油"十二五"重点科技攻关课题(041011080018)资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地是我国最大的沉积盆地,对我国油气战略选区具有较大的意义.自震旦系成盆以来,塔里木盆地表现为一个低温的冷盆.在覆盖全盆的20条地震长剖面上,识别出83处特殊的地震反射结构,其特征为同相轴向上凸起呈尖角状,形态为直立或近直立,故名地震反射尖角直立结构.共识别出四种基本类型的地震反射尖角直立结构,平缓型、正常型、巨幅型、刺穿型,两个形态基本一致的基本型紧邻而组合为双相位型,两个或多个不同类型、不同形态的集中于某处则构成复合型.平缓型、正常型、巨幅型、刺穿型依次反映了变形增强的序列,理想状态下该反射结构由深至浅存在从刺穿型至平缓型的渐变序列,故基本类型的划分只是反映某处地震反射尖角直立结构的整体形态特点.地震反射尖角直立结构部位可能发育火成岩,与盆内钻遇火成岩钻井平面分布具有较高的相关度.地幔物质上涌至岩石圈,巨大的上拱能量造成了地层的变形,叠加构造因素的改造,地震反射尖角直立结构正是这一系列作用于地震反射上的响应.地震反射尖角直立结构是"热上涌"作用的产物.有机质的成熟、油气藏的形成和破坏与盆地热作用关系密切,对照塔里木盆地已有的油气田与"尖角直立"地震反射结构的平面分布,发现二者具有较高的相关性.地震反射尖角直立结构所反映的"热上涌"现象,促进了塔里木盆地"冷盆"背景下丰富油气资源的形成.
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| 关 键 词： | 冷盆热改造 塔里木盆地 地震反射尖角直立结构 热量上涌 油气 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-07-20 |
Seismological evidence for the thermal reformation of a cold basin:the Tarim basin of China |
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| WANG Teng-Fei,HUANG Shao-Ying,CHENG Ri-Hui,XIAO Zhong-Yao,WANG Dian,NENG Yuan,JIANG Fei,YANG Bao-Jun.Seismological evidence for the thermal reformation of a cold basin:the Tarim basin of China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(3):992-1002. |
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| Authors: | WANG Teng-Fei HUANG Shao-Ying CHENG Ri-Hui XIAO Zhong-Yao WANG Dian NENG Yuan JIANG Fei YANG Bao-Jun |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China;2. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Tarim Oilfield, Xinjiang Korla 841000, China;3. College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China |
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| Abstract: | The Tarim basin, the largest sedimentary basin in China, is of great significance to national oil/gas exploration. This basin appeared a cold basin since the Sinian period. Across this area, 83 reflection phases are identified as the upward convex events consisting of closed angles arraying vertically/near vertically on 20 seismic profiles covering the whole basin, which are named(near) vertical seismic phases of closed angles(VSPCA) for these characteristics. These structures are divided into 4 basic types:gentle, normal, giant and impaling types. Two adjacent similar VSPCAs of the same basic type compose a bi-phase type. The compound type is composed by two or more adjacent VSPCAs of different types. The sequence, impaling type, giant type, normal type and gentle type, represents the attenuation of deformation and ideally may appear in one VSPCA from the bottom to the top, so that only on its general feature, a VSPCA can be characterized by one certain basic type. A high distribution correlation exists between drilling wells in igneous rocks and VSPCAs, therefore there could be igneous rock where VSPCA is located. The energy of mantle material up-welling to the lithosphere causes the deformation of strata, and tectonism may reform it. VSPCA is the seismic response to these processes. VSPCA is resulted from heat up-welling. Organic matter maturation and hydrocarbon pool formation/destruction are related to the thermal effect in a sedimentary basin, so VSPCAs and oil/gas fields are closely related on distribution. Heat up-welling, expressed as VSPCAs, has improved oil generation in the cold Tarim basin. |
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| Keywords: | Thermal reformation of a cold basin Tarim basin Near vertical seismic phases of closed angles(VSPCA) Heat upwelling Hydrocarbon |
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