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The chemistry of geothermal waters in Iceland. III. Chemical geothermometry in geothermal investigations

Authors:	Stefán Arnórsson Einar Gunnlaugsson Hördur Svavarsson

Institution:	Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, ReykjavíkIceland;National Energy Authority, Grensásvegur 9, ReykjavíkIceland

Abstract:	New data from geothermal wells in Iceland have permitted empirical calibration of the chalcedony and $Na K$ geothermometers in the range of 25–180°C and 25–250°C respectively. The temperature functions are: $t°C= 1112 4.91? log SiO_{2} ?273.15$ $t°C= 933 0.993+ log Na/K ?273.15$ Concentrations are expressed in ppm. These temperature functions correspond well with the chalcedony solubility data of Fournier (1973) and the thermodynamic data for low-albite/microcline/solution equilibria of Heloeson (1969).A new CO₂ geothermometer is proposed which is considered to be useful in estimating underground temperatures in fumarolic geothermal fields. Its application involves analysis of CO₂ concentrations in the fumarole steam. The temperature function which applies in the range 180?300°C is: logCO₂ = 37.43 + 73192/T- 11829· 10₃/T² + 0.18923T- 86.187·logT where T is in °K and CO₂ in moles per kg of steam.

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