| 内蒙古乌海粉尘浓度时空分布及影响因素探析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张明浩,赵廷宁,肖辉杰.内蒙古乌海粉尘浓度时空分布及影响因素探析[J].地学前缘,2021,28(4):118-130. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张明浩 赵廷宁 肖辉杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学 水土保持学院 北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划重点专项项目“西北干旱荒漠区煤炭基地生态安全保障技术”(2017YFC0504400) |
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| 摘 要： | 于2018年1月与7月采用流动监测法,对内蒙古乌海粉尘颗粒物进行采集,结合监测站数据,研究乌海不同粒径粉尘浓度时空分布规律及影响因素。结果表明:乌海市冬春季粉尘污染远远高于夏秋季,春季污染最严重,夏季污染相对较轻。PM2.5污染最严重月份为3月,PM10污染最严重月份为4月。一天中粉尘浓度峰值出现在10:00—12:00,谷值出现在16:00—18:00。空间上东部粉尘浓度高值区以条带状分布,中南部和西部以点源放射状向周围扩散。不同土地利用类型内部粉尘浓度特征均不同。工矿用地和城镇内部浓度高于有林地和未利用地,耕地和水体内部浓度最低;工矿用地是乌海市粗颗粒粉尘的主要来源,城镇是乌海夏季细颗粒粉尘的主要来源,水体、耕地和有林地可明显降低空气中颗粒物浓度。总悬浮颗粒物(total suspended particulate,TSP)和不同粒径颗粒物(particulate matter,PM),包括PM10、PM2.5、PM1等粉尘浓度与风速、湿度呈正相关,与温度、海拔呈负相关,其中气压是影响TSP浓度的最主要因素,湿度是影响PM1-10的最主要因素。不同粒径粉尘浓度受到归一化指数、气象、地形等多因素综合制约,单一条件对大气粉尘影响有限。
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| 关 键 词： | 粉尘浓度 时空分布 影响因素 土地利用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-23 |
Temporospatial distribution and influencing factor analysis of dust concentration in Wuhai,Inner Mongolia |
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| ZHANG Minghao,ZHAO Tingning,XIAO Huijie.Temporospatial distribution and influencing factor analysis of dust concentration in Wuhai,Inner Mongolia[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2021,28(4):118-130. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Minghao ZHAO Tingning XIAO Huijie |
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| Institution: | School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In January and July, 2018, the mobile monitoring method was used to collect dust particles from Wuhai, Inner Mongolia. Together with data from the monitoring station, the temporospatial distribution pattern and influencing factors of dust concentration for different particle sizes were studied. The results show that the dust pollution level is much higher in spring and winter than in summer and autumn, with the highest level in spring and relatively low level in summer. The worst month for PM2.5 pollution March and for PM10 is April. The daily dust concentration peaks between 10-noon and drops to the lowest level between 4:00-6:00 in the afternoon. Areas with high dust concentration are distributed in strips in the east while spread out radially from point sources in the central, south and west. Dust concentration in the industrial, mining and urban areas is higher than in forest and unused lands, while arable land and water body have the lowest dust level. In Wuhai City, the industrial and mining lands are the main source of coarse particulate, while the urban area is the main source of summer fine dust. Water bodies and arable and forest lands can significantly reduce the concentration of airborne particulates. The total suspended particulate(TSP)and individual particulate concentration are positively correlated with wind speed and humidity and negatively correlated with temperature and altitude. Among the influencing factors, air pressure is the most important one affecting TSP concentration, while humidity affects PM1-10 concentrations the most. The dust particle concentration for different particle sizes is constrained by multiple factors, such as normalization index, meteorology and topography, whereas a single condition has only limited impact on atmospheric dust. |
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| Keywords: | dust concentration temporal and spatial distribution influence factor land use |
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