| 黄河流域地下水资源状况及其生态环境问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩双宝,李甫成,王赛,李海学,袁磊,刘景涛,申豪勇,张学庆,李长青,吴玺,马涛,魏世博,赵敏敏.黄河流域地下水资源状况及其生态环境问题[J].中国地质,2021,48(4):1001-1019. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩双宝 李甫成 王赛 李海学 袁磊 刘景涛 申豪勇 张学庆 李长青 吴玺 马涛 魏世博 赵敏敏 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心, 河北 保定 071051;南方科技大学, 广东 深圳 518055;中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北 石家庄 050061;中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 广西 桂林 541004;中国地质环境监测院, 北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目（DD20190333）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 黄河流域是中国重要的生态屏障和经济地带,上中下游面临着不同生态环境问题,水在生态环境问题的形成演化过程中起着重要作用。本文从黄河流域地下水动态特征、地下水资源的数量、质量及开发利用等方面,分析了黄河流域地下水资源及饮水安全状况。黄河流域年度地下水资源量393.55亿m~3,银川平原、河套平原等7处主要平原(盆地)地下水资源量为81.91亿m~3,占比超过20%;黄河流域地下水质量以Ⅰ～Ⅳ类为主,劣质地下水主要受总硬度、硫酸盐、铁、溶解性总固体等天然原生组分影响,砷、氟、硒、碘等原生组分超标是流域部分地区地下水饮水安全的主要威胁;2020年与2019年同期相比,黄河流域地下水位呈上游稳定、中游局部上升、下游下降的态势,主要地下水降落漏斗形态基本稳定。针对黄河源区、宁蒙河套平原等重点区段,分析了存在的主要生态环境问题,提出了全面开展流域水文地质与水资源调查评价,深入开展黄河流域及重点地区水平衡分析等工作建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河流域 地下水资源 地下水位 生态环境问题 水平衡分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/6/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/7/7 0:00:00 |
Groundwater resource and eco-environmental problem of the Yellow River Basin |
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| HAN Shuangbao,LI Fucheng,WANG Sai,LI Haixue,YUAN Lei,LIU Jingtao,SHEN Haoyong,ZHANG Xueqing,LI Changqing,WU Xi,MA Tao,WEI Shibo,ZHAO Minmin.Groundwater resource and eco-environmental problem of the Yellow River Basin[J].Chinese Geology,2021,48(4):1001-1019. |
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| Authors: | HAN Shuangbao LI Fucheng WANG Sai LI Haixue YUAN Lei LIU Jingtao SHEN Haoyong ZHANG Xueqing LI Changqing WU Xi MA Tao WEI Shibo ZHAO Minmin |
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| Institution: | Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, CGS, Baoding 071051, Hebei, China;Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China;Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China;China Institute for GeoEnvironmental Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | The Yellow River basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China. The upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are faced with different ecological environmental problems. Water plays an important role in the formation and evolution of ecological environmental problems. Based on the quantities, qualities, settlements and dynamic characters of groundwater, the groundwater resources and the drinking water safety of the YRB were analyzed. The results show that total avenue groundwater resource of the YRB in 2019 is 3.93×1010 m3. Groundwater resources in seven key plain regions, such as Yinchuan plains and Hetao plains, is 8.19×109 m3, contributing more than 20% groundwater resources of the whole basin. The groundwater qualities in YRB dominated is mainly classified as I-IV grade. The concentration of total hardness, sulfate, iron, TDS and Cl-exceed the groundwater standard at high rate. Excessive arsenic, fluoride, selenium, iodine and other primary components threaten the local drinking water safety. Compared with the same period in 2019, the groundwater table kept stable in the upper reach, local rising in the middle reach and decreasing in the lower reach in 2020. The morphological characters of main groundwater depression cone kept basically stable. Focusing on the key regions of the YRB, such as the sources area, Hetao Basin, etc., based on the analysis of the eco-environmental problems, it is proposed to carry out the whole basin resource survey and assessment, deeply develop water balance research in the whole basin and key regions. |
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| Keywords: | Yellow River Basin groundwater resources groundwater table eco-environmental problem water balance research |
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