| 风云二号卫星空间天气监测预警系统开发及其应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 单海滨,关敏,刘玉洁,余涛,戎志国.风云二号卫星空间天气监测预警系统开发及其应用[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(2):250-256. |
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| 作者姓名： | 单海滨 关敏 刘玉洁 余涛 戎志国 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广州气象卫星地面站, 广州 510640 |
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| 摘 要： | 风云二号卫星载有太阳X射线监测仪及空间粒子探测器, 空间粒子探测器实时监测轨道空间的质子、电子及α粒子的能谱及通量变化, 太阳X射线监测仪实时监测太阳软硬X射线暴。这些监测数据直接反映了太阳的活动水平, 可对X射线暴、质子事件及电子事件进行实时监测。同时, 利用风云二号X射线探测器的数据, 可对一些空间环境灾害进行预警。该文介绍了中国气象局“空间天气监测预警系统一期工程”中有关风云二号静止气象卫星 (B星) 空间环境监测资料软件处理系统的设计思路, 以及高能粒子探测器和太阳X射线监测仪的数据处理方法, 并通过一些实例, 介绍了该系统在利用风云二号卫星空间环境监测数据进行空间天气监测预警业务的情况。
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| 关 键 词： | 风云二号 空间天气 空间环境监测仪 高能粒子 X射线 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-12-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006年12月13 |
The System Development and Applications for Space Weather Monitoring and
Warning Based on FY 2 Geostationary Meteorological Satellite |
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| Shan Haibin,Guan Min,Liu Yujie,Yu Tao,Rong Zhiguo.The System Development and Applications for Space Weather Monitoring and
Warning Based on FY 2 Geostationary Meteorological Satellite[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2008,19(2):250-256. |
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| Authors: | Shan Haibin Guan Min Liu Yujie Yu Tao Rong Zhiguo |
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| Institution: | 1.Guangzhou Meteorological Satellite Ground Station, Guangzhou 5106402.National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | The FY-2 satellites are a series of geosynchronous meteorological satellites, which are instrumented to observe high-energy particles and solar X-ray fluxes except for meteorological observation. The spatial particle detector and solar X-ray detector are carried by the satellites. The high-energy particles detector has 7 energy channels to detect 3He (3.5—26 MeV), 4He (3.5—26 MeV), P1(3.5—26 MeV), P2(10—26 MeV), P3(26—100 MeV), P4( > 1.1 MeV) and E ( > 1.4 MeV). And the solar X-ray detector has 10 energy channels which range from 4 keV to 100 keV to detect the solar X-ray fluxes. The solar activity level is directly revealed by these observations, and a real-time monitor of the X-ray storm, proton event and electronic event is provided. Additionally, these X-ray detection data can be used to make early-warnings of space environment disasters. The design of the FY-2 geostationary meteorological satellites data processing software for space environment monitor is introduced, which is a part of the first-phase project of space weather monitoring and warning system, supported by China Meteorological Administration. It is presented how to process the data from energetic particle detector and solar X-ray monitor. Through some examples, the X-ray energetic spectrum characteristics of proton events and the hard X-ray change characteristics during whole proton event are analyzed. Several proton event forecast rules are also summarized. It is detected by the FY-2 satellite that there are X-ray storm and high-energy proton event caused by the solar strong activities from Oct 28, 2003 to Oct 29, 2003.The first X-ray storm is on from 10:57 to 11:49 on Oct 28, and the hard X-ray storm is stronger than the soft. A strong storm lasts from 12:40 to 13:51 on Oct 28, during which the high current of X-ray is kept about 20 hours. From the X-ray power spectrum, it is found that the hard X-ray flux has an impulsive increase corresponding to the hard X-ray flux. The proton event begins on Oct 28, 13:55, and lasts for 24 hours. From Nov 1 to Nov 3, 2003, two solar flares are found by the FY-2 satellites, one of which is not a proton flare, and the other is. Some different rules of the two flares can be found from the FY-2 data. The no-proton flare lasts for more than ten hours from 21:00 on Nov 1 to 14:00 on Nov 2, but its X-ray spectrum is stable, and the hard X-ray has similar changes to the soft. The X-ray current enhances on Nov 2, 18:20, and the hard X-ray becomes stronger than the soft. Then, the proton event happens at 20:40 on Nov 2. The X-ray power spectrum shows that the hard X-ray has an impulsive increase corresponding to the hard X-ray flux. |
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| Keywords: | FY-2 space weather space environmental monitor energetic particle X ray |
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