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Second order potential vorticity and its potential applications |
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| Authors: | ShouTing Gao PengCheng Xu Na Li YuShu Zhou |
| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China 2. Institute of Applied Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China |
| Abstract: | A new invariant, the second order potential vorticity (SPV), is derived in this paper. SPV is the dot product of vorticity and the potential vorticity (PV) gradient, and is proven conservative for a compressible, adiabatic and frictionless atmosphere. Research shows that the new invariant may be used to indicate the evolution of PV, because SPV includes all the information that determines PV evolution: the wind field, and the PV gradient. Furthermore, SPV is capable of diagnosing heavy precipitation because of the strong signals it presents in areas of heavy rainfall. SPV also shows great potential as a comprehensive conserved quantity for indicating the dynamical tropopause and baroclinic instability. |
| Keywords: | potential vorticity second order potential vorticity PV evolution PV gradient heavy rainfall |
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