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Changes in North Sea macrofauna communities and species distribution between 1986 and 2000 |
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| Authors: | Ingrid KrönckeHenning Reiss Jacqueline D EggletonJohn Aldridge Magda JN BergmanSabine Cochrane Johan A CraeymeerschSteven Degraer Nicolas DesroyJean-Marie Dewarumez Gerard CA DuineveldKarel Essink Hans HillewaertMarc SS Lavaleye Andreas MollStefan Nehring Richard NewellEivind Oug Thomas PohlmannEike Rachor Mike RobertsonHeye Rumohr Michaela SchratzbergerRebecca Smith Edward Vanden Berghe Jan van DalfsenGert van Hoey Magda VincxWouter Willems Hubert L Rees |
| Institution: | a Senckenberg am Meer, Marine Research Department, Südstrand 40, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany b Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK c Netherlands Institute of Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1792 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands d Akvaplan-niva AS, Polarmiljøsenteret, 9296 Tromsø, Norway e Wageningen IMARES, Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, PO Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, The Netherlands f University of Ghent, Marine Biology Section, Ghent, Belgium g IFREMER, Laboratoires Environnement Littoral & Ressources Aquacoles Finistère-Bretagne Nord, Station de Dinard, 38 Rue du Port Blanc, 35801 Dinard, France h Station Marine de Wimereux, UMR CNRS 8187 LOG, 28 Avenue Foch, BP 80, 62930 Wimereux, France i Rijksinstituut voor Kust en Zee (RIKZ), Postbus 207, 9750 AE Haren, The Netherlands j Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO Fisheries), Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium k Institute of Oceanography, Centre for Marine and Climate Research (ZMAW), University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany l Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany m Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd., Monmouth Place 24a, Bath BA1 2AY, UK n Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Branch Office South, Televeien 3, 4879 Grimstad, Norway o Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany p Marine Scotland - Science, Scottish Government, Marine Laboratory, PO Box 101, Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK q Leibniz Institute of Marine Science (IFM-GEOMAR), Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany r Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Wandelaarkaai 7, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium s DELTARES, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands |
| Abstract: | The North Sea Benthos Project 2000 was initiated as a follow-up to the 1986 ICES North Sea Benthos Survey with the major aim to identify changes in the macrofauna species distribution and community structure in the North Sea and their likely causes.The results showed that the large-scale spatial distribution of macrofauna communities in the North Sea hardly changed between 1986 and 2000, with the main divisions at the 50 m and 100 m depth contours. Water temperature and salinity as well as wave exposure, tidal stress and primary production were influential environmental factors on a large (North Sea-wide) spatial scale.The increase in abundance and regional changes in distribution of various species with a southern distribution in the North Sea in 2000 were largely associated with an increase in sea surface temperature, primary production and, thus, food supply. This can be most likely related to the North Sea hydro-climate change in the late 1980s influenced by the variability in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Only one cold-temperate species decreased in abundance in 2000 at most of the stations. Indications for newly established populations of offshore non-native species were not found.Differences in macrofauna community structure on localised spatial scales were predominantly found north of the 50 m depth contour off the British coast along the Flamborough Head Front towards the Dogger Bank, off the coast of Jutland and at the Frisian Front. These changes were most likely attributed to stronger frontal systems in 2000 caused by the increased inflow of Atlantic water masses in relation to the hydro-climate change in the late 1980s. |
| Keywords: | long-term variability distribution shift NAOI regime shift non-native species benthic communities |
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