Identifying variably saturated water-flow patterns in a steep hillslope under intermittent heavy rainfall |
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| Authors: | Aly I El-Kadi Jill D Torikai |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology and Geophysics, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA,;(2) US Geological Survey, 677 Ala Moana Blvd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA, |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this paper is to identify water-flow patterns in part of an active landslide, through the use of numerical
simulations and data obtained during a field study. The approaches adopted include measuring rainfall events and pore-pressure
responses in both saturated and unsaturated soils at the site. To account for soil variability, the Richards equation is solved
within deterministic and stochastic frameworks. The deterministic simulations considered average water-retention data, adjusted
retention data to account for stones or cobbles, retention functions for a heterogeneous pore structure, and continuous retention
functions for preferential flow. The stochastic simulations applied the Monte Carlo approach which considers statistical distribution
and autocorrelation of the saturated conductivity and its cross correlation with the retention function. Although none of
the models is capable of accurately predicting field measurements, appreciable improvement in accuracy was attained using
stochastic, preferential flow, and heterogeneous pore-structure models. For the current study, continuum-flow models provide
reasonable accuracy for practical purposes, although they are expected to be less accurate than multi-domain preferential
flow models.
Electronic Publication |
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| Keywords: | variably saturated flow continuum-flow modeling stochastic modeling numerical modeling Hawaii |
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