| 青木关岩溶槽谷流域不同土地利用类型土壤可蚀性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈英,魏兴萍,雷珊.青木关岩溶槽谷流域不同土地利用类型土壤可蚀性分析[J].中国岩溶,2020,39(6):836-844. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈英 魏兴萍 雷珊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学青年基金项目（41701252）；重庆市自然科学基金（cstc2016jcyiA0150）；重庆师范大学研究生科研创新项目（YKC20025） |
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| 摘 要： | 基于土壤实地采样和理化性质测试分析，采用EPIC模型K值计算方法，分析青木关岩溶槽谷流域的土壤理化性质、土壤可蚀性及其影响因子。结果发现:（1）青木关岩溶槽谷流域表层土壤（0~10 cm）可蚀性K值介于0.037 1~0.060 5之间，均值为0.048 5，中值为0.047 5，变异系数为10.71%，偏度和峰度值小于1；（2）表土机械组成中以粉粒含量为主，土壤质地属于粉壤土；有机质含量在13.98~52.24 g.kg-1之间，均值为29.20 g.kg-1；表土可蚀性K值与砂粒含量、有机碳含量呈极显著负相关，与粉粒含量呈极显著正相关，与黏粒含量呈负相关；（3）不同土地利用类型下的表土可蚀性K值以裸土地最大，为0.058 3，耕地次之，为0.053 4，其次为园地、荒草地和竹林，分别为0.048 3、0.047 8和0.046 9，针阔叶混交林最小，为0.0427，分别存在显著差异（P＜0.05），变异系数介于2.7%～6.1%之间；受人类活动影响强烈的裸土地和耕地是本地区主要的泥沙策源地，恢复植被能有效提高土壤抗蚀能力；（4）不同土地利用类型土壤剖面K值均值为耕地（0.056 3）显著大于荒草地（0.051 6）与林地（0.048 1）（P＜0.05），荒草地与林地K值间差异性不显著；K值剖面分布一致表现为0~35 cm相对较小且变化较大，土下35~60 cm随着深度的增加而增大。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤可蚀性K值 EPIC模型 土地利用 青木关 岩溶槽谷 |
Analysis on soil erodibility of different land use types in the Qingmuguan karst valley |
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| CHEN Ying,WEI Xingping,LEI Shan.Analysis on soil erodibility of different land use types in the Qingmuguan karst valley[J].Carsologica Sinica,2020,39(6):836-844. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Ying WEI Xingping LEI Shan |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University2.College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environment Remote Sensing in Three Gorges Reservoir Area |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this work is to investigate the physicochemical properties, erodibility and influencing factors of soil in the karst areas of Chongqing City, so as to provide references for quantitative study of soil erosion and the formulation of soil and water conservation measures, and promote regional ecological protection and land use structure adjustment. The work area is in the Qingmuguan karst valley watershed of Chongqing City. This valley formed in the southward extension of the Wentangxia anticline in the Jinyun mountains, part of the parallel ridge-valley system in eastern Sichuan. Here a large area of Triassic carbonate rock is exposed. Under the action of long-term water current dissolution, a typical karst valley landscape of "one mountain, two ridges and one trough" developed. The geological strata are composed of carbonate rock(T1j、T2l) and clastic rock(T3xj). In this work, six land use types were selected as the objects, including cultivated land, coniferous and mixed conifer-broadleaf forest, bamboo forest, garden land, wild grassland and bare land. Surface soil (0-10 cm) and profile soil (0-60 cm) were collected to analyze material composition and organic carbon content, and the soil erodibility K was calculated by the EPIC model. Results show that, (1) The erodibility K value of topsoil in the study area is between 0.0371 and 0.0605, 0.0485 on average, with a median value 0.0475 and a variation coefficient 10.71%, and the skewness and the kurtosis are less than 1； (2) The topsoil is dominated by silt, attributed to silty clay loam. The organic matter content is between 13.98 and 52.24 g.kg-1, with an average value of 29.20 g.kg-1.The K value of topsoil erodibility is negatively correlated with sand content and carbon content（P <0.01）, positively correlated with silt content（P <0.01）,and negatively correlated with clay content（P<0.05）significantly； (3) The topsoil erodibility K values of different land use types in order are: bare land(0.0583)>cultivated land (0.0534)>garden land(0.0483)>wild grassland(0.0478) >bamboo forest(0.0469) >mixed conifer-broadleaf forest(0.0427),with prominent differences (P < 0.05), and the coefficients of variation range from 2.7% to 6.1%. Bare land and cultivated land that are strongly influenced by human activities are the primary sources of sedimentation in the region.Vegetation restoration can effectively improve soil erosion resistance；(4)For different land use types, the average soil erodibility K value in the soil profile of cultivated land (0.0563) is significantly higher than that of wild grassland (0.0516) and forest land (0.0481) (P<0.05). While the difference of soil erodibility K values between wild grassland and forest land is not obvious.In soil profiles,the K shows relatively small values with great variations in depth range 0-35 cm,and increases with depth in 35-60 cm below the surface. |
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