| 中国镇域工业化和城镇化综合水平的空间格局特征及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 张改素,魏建飞,丁志伟.中国镇域工业化和城镇化综合水平的空间格局特征及其影响因素[J].地理研究,2020,39(3):627-650. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张改素 魏建飞 丁志伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 河南大学环境与规划学院/区域发展与区域规划中心/黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,开封 475004;2. 城乡协调发展河南省协同创新中心,郑州450046 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41701130);河南省高校科技创新人才项目(20HASTIT018);河南省研究生教育优质课程建设项目(HNYJS2016KC24) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于构建的“规模-效益-结构”指标体系,运用Jenks Natural Breaks分类、地理探测器、变异系数、探索性空间数据分析等方法对中国镇域工业化和城镇化综合水平的空间格局特征及其影响因素进行分析。研究表明：① 整体空间布局呈镶嵌式分布且高值连片格局不明显,但高值区在东部、中部城市群核心区的点状串联式凸显依然可见。此外,基于规模实力的中高值集聚格局,主要分布在长江以北的“三角形”区域;中低值、低值在西部的大范围绵延分布态势明显。整体而言,镇域尺度下规模、效益分异特征与以往研究类似,以胡焕庸线为分界的东南—西北差异清晰可见。② 空间内部差异度从低到高依次为东部、中部、西部和东北,与国家经济格局吻合。基于省域、城市群尺度发现,虽然部分省区、城市群内部差异与预期差别较大,但整体上依然表现出中东部内部差异较小,西部、东北乡镇实力不强且内部差异较大的客观事实。③ 从空间关联看,综合、结构水平的高值、低值集聚的格局化特征不明显,总体与空间分布格局类似;规模、效益水平的集聚格局类似且类似于已有研究,但显著LL区的集聚格局突破胡焕庸线并形成“S”型分隔,体现出镇域尺度细化后的集聚新特点。④ 从尺度对比看,县域、市域尺度下综合、结构水平的中高值分布格局与镇域尺度类似,呈现出以中东部城市群核心区、沿海与京广发展轴辐射区为表征的空间格局。不同的是,县域、市域尺度下规模实力的中高值集聚区范围扩大延伸至长江中下游以南,形成“四边形”区域。从胡焕庸线分异特征看,两者仅有规模水平分布类似,综合、结构与效益水平的分异表征不明显。从空间集聚看,显著HH区变化较大,主要表现在内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃省份的增多与连绵分布;显著LL区的分布范围明显缩小且胡焕庸一线西侧的大范围集聚区被局部打散、打乱。基于定量与定性结合的方法,从经济实力、非农化进程、乡镇现代化水平、地形地貌条件、根植性与路径依赖等方面进行影响分析,发现这五个方面分别起核心支撑、活力支撑、进程性、基础性与“链”式传导等作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 工业化 城镇化 综合水平 空间分异 镇域 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-08-26 |
Spatial pattern and its influencing factors of industrialization-urbanization comprehensive level in China at town level |
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| ZHANG Gaisu,WEI Jianfei,DING Zhiwei.Spatial pattern and its influencing factors of industrialization-urbanization comprehensive level in China at town level[J].Geographical Research,2020,39(3):627-650. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Gaisu WEI Jianfei DING Zhiwei |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Environment and Planning / The Centre for the Regional Development and Planning, Henan University / Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Urban-Rural Coordinated Development, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the scale-structure-benefit index system, using multiple analysis methods, the spatial pattern characteristics and influencing factors of industrialization-urbanization comprehensive level at town level in China were analyzed. The results were shown as follows. Firstly, although the high and medium value score units were not obvious from the overall spatial pattern, these were still visible with point-like shape in the core areas of urban agglomerations in Eastern and Central China. In addition, the high and medium score units of scale level were prominent, mainly distributed in the triangle area. On the whole, the spatial differentiation characteristics of scale and benefit at town level were similar to the results of previous studies. It was worth mentioning that the southeast-northwest difference with the Hu Huanyong line was clearly visible. Secondly, the internal difference degree from low to high was Eastern China, Central China, Western China and Northeast China. From the provincial and urban cluster levels, although the gap between actual variation and ideal expectations of some provinces and urban agglomerations was quite different, the overall difference in Central and Eastern China was small. Thirdly, from the spatial autocorrelation, the significant High-High and Low-Low units of scale and benefit score were obvious, and formed a new “S”-type separation, which was different from the Hu Huanyong Line. Fourthly, from the comparison perspective, the high, and medium value units of the comprehensive and structural score at county and city levels were similar to those at town level, which were mainly distributed in the core areas of urban agglomeration regions in Eastern and Central China, and some areas were surrounded by the main economic belt and Beijing-Guangzhou axis. The difference was that the centralized agglomeration units of scale strength at county and city level extended to the region in the south of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River and formed a quadrilateral shape. Seen from both sides of the Hu Huanyong Line, the distribution pattern of scale strength at town level was similar to that at county and city levels, but not obvious in comprehensive, structural and benefit pattern. It was worth mentioning that the significant High-High units greatly changed and significant Low-Low areas markedly reduced, and their overall agglomeration pattern became a little scattered. Finally, we found that economic strength, non-agricultural process, towns' modernization level, topographical conditions, rooting and path dependence were the main influencing factors, which respectively played roles of foundation, process, orientation, strength support and chain conduction. |
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| Keywords: | industrialization urbanization comprehensive level spatial differentiation town level China |
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