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Ecological niche modeling and principal component analysis of Krameria Loefl. (Krameriaceae) |
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| Authors: | TC Giannini A TakahasiMCMP Medeiros AM SaraivaI Alves-dos-Santos |
| Institution: | a Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil b Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil c Sistemas Digitais, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, 158, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-970, Brazil |
| Abstract: | Krameria plants are found in arid regions of the Americas and present a floral system that attracts oil-collecting bees. Niche modeling and multivariate tools were applied to examine ecological and geographical aspects of the 18 species of this genus, using occurrence data obtained from herbaria and literature. Niche modeling showed the potential areas of occurrence for each species and the analysis of climatic variables suggested that North American species occur mostly in deserted or xeric ecoregions with monthly precipitation below 140 mm and large temperature ranges. South American species are mainly found in deserted ecoregions and subtropical savannas where monthly precipitation often exceeds 150 mm and temperature ranges are smaller. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed with values of temperature and precipitation showed that the distribution limits of Krameria species are primarily associated with maximum and minimum temperatures. Modeling of Krameria species proved to be a useful tool for analyzing the influence of the ecological niche variables in the geographical distribution of species, providing new information to guide future investigations. |
| Keywords: | Climatic variables Geographical distribution Neotropical flora Oil plants |
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