Observations and simulations of water-sediment heat exchange in a shallow coastal lagoon |
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| Authors: | Ned P Smith |
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| Institution: | 1. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, 5600 U.S. Highway 1 North, 34946, Fort Pierce, Florida
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| Abstract: | Water and sediment temperatures from Florida's Indian River Lagoon are used to investigate water-sediment heat energy exchanges and the resulting sub-bottom temperature fluctuations in a shallow-water estuarine environment. A 132-day study documents the response to cold-air outbreaks and spring warming. A one-dimensional, 120-layer numerical model simulates temperatures in the top 24 m of the sediment in response to observed water temperatures. Model simulations supplement sediment temperatures measured 50 and 95 cm below the water-sediment interface approximately weekly. Simulated water-sediment heat fluxes are generally between +0.075 (into the sediment) and −0.050 cal cm−2 min−1. The average simulated water-sediment heat flux is +0.003 cal cm−2 min−1. Over the course of an average day, heat entering the sediment reaches a maximum rate of 0.037 cal cm−2 min−1 at 1700, and fluxes out of the sediments reach −0.021 cal cm−2 min−1 at 0700. The standard deviations of sediment temperatures simulated for the 0–20, 80–100, and 180–200 cm layers are 85%, 41%, and 14%, respectively, of the standard deviation of the water temperature. |
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