| 南极长城站(1985—2008)和中山站(1989—2008)风和降水等要素的气候特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 卞林根,马永锋,逯昌贵,陆龙骅.南极长城站(1985—2008)和中山站(1989—2008)风和降水等要素的气候特征[J].极地研究,2010,22(4):321-333. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卞林根 马永锋 逯昌贵 陆龙骅 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象科学研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划，IPY中国行动计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用南极长城站和中山站的降水、风、湿度、气压和云量等高质量的地面气象观测资料,对两站基本气候特征和变化趋势进行了分析。结果显示,长城站年降水量为503mm,年际变化呈减少趋势,变化速率为-27mm/10a。长城站和中山站年降水日数均呈下降趋势,变化速率分别为-2.9d/10a和-12.1d/10a。长城站和中山站年平均相对湿度分别为88%和58%。长城站年平均湿度总体上呈不明显下降趋势,中山站没有趋势。长城站盛行风向为西北风,中山站为偏东风,年平均风速分别为7.3m/s和7.1m/s。两站年平均风速呈减小趋势,变化速率分别为-0.09m/s/10a和-0.23m/s/10a。长城站平均大风日数为137d,记录的极大风速为37.2m/s。中山站平均大风日159d,记录的极大风速为50.3m/s。长城站和中山站年平均气压分别为990hPa和985hPa,变化速率分别为0.65hPa/10a和-0.80hPa/10a。其变化趋势相反,并与两站风速和大风日数及降水日数的变化倾向基本相同。长城站和中山站月平均云量分别为8.8和6.2,其差异显示了两站所处气候带的特点,即长城站地区全年阴天多、云量大,中山站则与此相反。
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| 关 键 词： | 关键词:南极 长城站 中山站 气候特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-07-29 |
CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION AND WIND AS WELL PRESSURE AND CLOUD AMOUNT AT THE GREAT WALL STATION (1985-2008) AND ZHONGSHAN STATION (1989-2008), ANTARCTIC |
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| Bian Lingen,Ma Yongfeng,Lu Changgui,Lu Longhua.CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION AND WIND AS WELL PRESSURE AND CLOUD AMOUNT AT THE GREAT WALL STATION (1985-2008) AND ZHONGSHAN STATION (1989-2008), ANTARCTIC[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,2010,22(4):321-333. |
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| Authors: | Bian Lingen Ma Yongfeng Lu Changgui Lu Longhua |
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| Institution: | Bian Lingen,Ma Yongfeng,Lu Changgui and Lu Longhua ( Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China) |
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| Abstract: | The variations and trends of monthly,seasonal and annual mean precipitation,wind, pressure and cloud amount are presented by surface meteorological observation data from the Greatwall station( GW) and Zhongshan station( ZS) at the Antractic. The annual mean precipitation is 503mm and its interannual variation trend is negative(-27 mm/10 a) at GW. The variation rates of annual precipitation days at GW and ZS are-2. 9 d/10 a and-12. 1 d/10 a separately. The annual mean of humidity at GW and ZS is 88% and 58% ... |
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| Keywords: | Antarctic the Great Wall Station Zhongshan Station surface meteorological observation climate characteristic |
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