| 梅雨锋暴雨中云物理过程的观测和数值模拟 |
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| 作者姓名： | WANG Pengyun YANG Jing |
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| 作者单位： | ChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences,Beijing100081 |
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| 基金项目： | This study was supported by
the State Key Basic Program:Research on the Formation
Mechanism and Prediction Theory of Severe Synoptic Dis-
asters in China No.G1998040907 and the National Natural
Sciences Foundation of China under Grant No.49735180 |
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| 摘 要： | Cloud micro-physical structures in a precipitation system associated with the Meiyu front are observedusing the balloon-borne Precipitation Particle Image Sensor at Baoshan observatory station, Shanghaiduring June and July 1999. The vertical distributions of various cloud particle size, number density, andmass density are retrieved from the observations. Analyses of observations show that ice-phase particles(ice crystals, graupel, snowflakes, and frozen drops) often exist in the cloud of torrential rain associatedwith the Meiyu front. Among the various particles, ice crystals and graupel are the most numerous, butgraupel and snow have the highest mass density. Ice-phase particles coexist with liquid water dropletsnear the 0℃ level. The graupel is similarly distributed with height as the ice crystals. Raindrops belowthe 0℃ level are mainly from melted grauple, snowflakes and frozen drops. They may further grow largerby coalescence with smaller ones as they fall from the cloud base. Numerical simulations using the non-hydrostatic meso-scale model MM5 with the Reisner graupel explicit moisture scheme confirm the mainobservational results. Rain water at the lower level is mainly generated from the melting of snow andgraupel falling from the upper level where snow and graupel are generated and grown from collection withcloud and rain water. Thus the mixed-phase cloud process, in which ice phase coexists and interacts withliquid phase (cloud and rain drops), plays the most important role in the formation and development ofheavy convective rainfall in the Meiyu frontal system.
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| 关 键 词： | 梅雨锋暴雨 云物理过程 数值模拟 冰晶 霰 物理结构 摄像探空观测 雪 冻滴 冰晶 |
Observation and Numerical Simulation of Cloud Physical Processes Associated with Torrential Rain of the Meiyu Front |
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| WANG Pengyun,YANG Jing.Observation and Numerical Simulation of Cloud Physical Processes Associated with Torrential Rain of the Meiyu Front[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2003,20(1):77-96. |
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| Authors: | Pengyun Wang Jing Yang |
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| Institution: | Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | Cloud micro-physical structures in a precipitation system associated with the Meiyu front are observed using the balloon-borne Precipitation Particle Image Sensor at Baoshan observatory station, Shanghai during June and July 1999. The vertical distributions of various cloud particle size, number density, and mass density are retrieved from the observations. Analyses of observations show that ice-phase particles (ice crystals, graupel, snowflakes, and frozen drops) often exist in the cloud of torrential rain associated with the Meiyu front. Among the various particles, ice crystals and graupel are the most numerous, but graupel and snow have the highest mass density. Ice-phase particles coexist with liquid water droplets near the 0°C level. The graupel is similarly distributed with height as the ice crystals. Raindrops below the 0°C level are mainly from melted grauple, snowflakes and frozen drops. They may further grow larger by coalescence with smaller ones as they fall from the cloud base. Numerical simulations using the non-hydrostatic meso-scale model MM5 with the Reisner graupel explicit moisture scheme confirm the main observational results. Rain water at the lower level is mainly generated from the melting of snow and graupel falling from the upper level where snow and graupel are generated and grown from collection with cloud and rain water. Thus the mixed-phase cloud process, in which ice phase coexists and interacts with liquid phase (cloud and rain drops), plays the most important role in the formation and development of heavy convective rainfall in the Meiyu frontal system. |
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| Keywords: | videosonde cloud micro-physical structure Meiyu front precipitation meso-scale numerical simulation |
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