A study of the bound water,water ice,and frost distribution over the Martian surface: Treatment and correcting of the data of observations with the OMEGA spectrometer onboard <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mars Express</Emphasis> |
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| Authors: | N A Evdokimova R O Kuzmin A V Rodin A A Fedorova O I Korablev J P Bibring |
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| Institution: | (1) LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC, UDD, 92195 Meudon, France |
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| Abstract: | The results of the analysis of the spectral observations of Mars carried out with the OMEGA spectrometer onboard the Mars Express spacecraft are presented. The data from one of the spectrometer’s channels working in the near-IR spectral range (0.93–2.69
μm) were analyzed. This range includes the characteristic absorption bands of both condensed water phases (ice and frost)
and bound water contained in hydrated minerals of the Martial soil. From the 1.93-μm band indicating the presence of these
minerals, global maps of the bound-water index have been made. They show a noticeable latitude dependence of the index: the
largest values refer to high latitudes (>60°), while they gradually diminish toward the equator. Seasonal variations of the
spectral index obtained by the 1.93-μm band are connected with the hydration-dehydration processes occurring in hydrogenous
minerals when the temperature of the soil and the relative humidity in the near-surface atmospheric layer are changing. The
evolution of the spectral absorption bands of water ice (1.2 and 1.5 μm) dependent on the season testifies to the changes
in the microstructure of the surface layer in the North ploar cap caused by the sublimate re-crystallization processes in
the ice sheet. The spatial pattern of the location of the areas where the microstructure most quickly grows could be formed
under the influence of the stationary atmospheric waves. |
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