Dehydration melting of micas in the Chilka Lake Khondalites: The link between the metapelites and granitoids |
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| Authors: | S K Sen S Bhattacharya |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geological Sciences, Jadavpur University, 700 032 Calcutta;(2) Geological Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 700 035 Calcutta |
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| Abstract: | Garnet-sillimanite gneisses, locally known as khondalites, occur abundantly in the Chilka Lake granulite terrane belonging
to the Eastern Ghats Proterozoic belt of India. Though their chemistry has been modified by partial melting, it is evident
that the majority of these rocks are metapelitic, with some tending to be metapsammitic. Five petrographically distinct groups
are present within the khondalites of which the most abundant group is characteristically low in Mg:Fe ratios — the main chemical
discriminant separating the five groups. The variations in Mg:Fe ratios of the garnets, biotites, cordierites, orthopyroxenes
and spinels from the metapelites are compatible with those in the bulk rocks.
A suite of granitoids containing garnet, K-feldspar, plagioclase and quartz, commonly referred to as leptynites in Indian
granulite terranes, are interlayered with khondalites on the scale of exposures; in a few spots, the intercalated layers are
thin. The peraluminous character of the leptynites and presence of sillimanite trails within garnets in some of them suggest
derivation of leptynites by partial melting of khondalites. Here we examine this connection in the light of results derived
from dehydration melting experiments of micas in pelitic and psammitic rocks.
The plots of leptynites of different chemical compositions in a (MgO + FeO)-Na2O-K2O projection match the composition of liquids derived by biotite and muscovite dehydration melting, when corrected for co-products
of melting reactions constrained by mass balance and modal considerations. The melt components of the leptynites describe
four clusters in the M-N-K diagram. One of them matches melts produced dominantly by muscovite dehydration melting, while
three clusters correspond to melting of biotite. The relative disposition of the clusters suggests two trends, which can be
correlated with different paths that pelitic and psammitic protoliths are expected to generate during dehydration melting.
Thus the leptynites evidently represent granitoids which were produced by dehydration melting in metapelites of different
compositions.
The contents of Ti, Y, Nb, Zr and Th in several leptynites indicate departures from equilibrium melt compositions, and entrainment
of restites is considered to be the main causative factor. Disequilibrium in terms of major elements is illustrated by leucosomes
within migmatites developed in a group of metapelites. But the discrete leptynites that have been compared with experimental
melts approach equilibrium melt compositions closely. |
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| Keywords: | Metapelite granitoid dehydration melting restite |
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