Sedimentologische Merkmale für die Untergrenze der Wellenwirkung im Persischen Golf |
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Authors: | Dr M Sarnthein |
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Institution: | (1) Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut der Univ. Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40-60, D-23 Kiel |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung In den rezenten Kalksedimenten der Flache und Inselbereiche des Persischen Golfs gibt die Korngrößenverteilung einen deutlichen Hinweis auf die Basis der Wellentransportkraft in 40 m (vor Inseln) bis gegen 70 m (über den Flanken der Flache) (Abb. 6).In den feinkörnigen Mergelsedimenten vor der iranischen Küste hängt jedoch die Korngrößenverteilung allein von der Verfügbarkeit ab und erlaubt somit keinerlei Schluß auf den Tiefgang der Wellentätigkeit (Abb. 3 und 4).In diesen Mergeln findet sida eine eng begrenzte, bandartige Zone mit maximaler Produktion und Sedimentation von Echinodermen-Hartteilen (Echiniden und Ophiuren) (Abb. 5). Die wechselnde Tiefenlage dieser Zone (12–14 m im Schutze hinter einer Insel, sonst 20–30 m, je nach Exposition der Probenlokalität zum freien Seegang) läßt sich mit der Untergrenze der Wellenwirkung in Beziehung setzen. Dafür sprechen unter anderem hydrographische Messungen und zahlreiche Beobachtungen von Biologen.Faßt man alle diese Wassertiefenangaben über die Untergrenze der Wellenwirkung in einem schematischen Querprofil des Persischen Golfs zusammen, so ergeben sie einen schüsselförmigen Querschnitt (Abb. 7), dessen tiefste Punkte (50–70 m) entsprechen ungefähr den theoretisch berechenbaren Maximalwerten der Wellentiefenwirkung.
The grain size distribution in recent carbonate sediments of the shoals and island areas of the Persian Gulf yields clear evidence of an effective wave base in depths ranging from 40 m (near islands) to about 70 m (on the flanks of shallows) (Fig. 6).In contrast, the grain size distribution of the fine grained marl sediments off the Iranian coast is controlled solely by sediment availability and cannot be used as evidence for water movement and wave action (Fig. 3 and 4).A widespread, vertically restricted zone exists within these marly sediments which shows maximum production and sedimentation of echinoderm hard parts (Echinids and Ophiurans) (Fig. 5). The various depths in which this zone is found (12–14 m on the lee side of islands, otherwise 20–30 m depending upon the sample location in relation to fetch) can be easily correlated with the maximum depth of wave activity. This relationship is supported by biologic and other observations.A projection of all of these wave base depths into a composite cross-section of the Persian Gulf results in a bowl-shaped profile whose deepest points (50–70 m) correspond well with the theoretically calculated maximum wave base (Fig. 7).
Résumé Dans le Golfe Persique la répartition granulométrique des sédiments calcaires récents, recueillis au niveau des «hauts-fonds» et devant les îles, indique de façon très nette la base du volume d'eau agitée par les vagues: elle varie de 40 m (autours des îles) à environ 70 m (sur les flancs des «hauts fonds») (fig. 6).Devant la côte Iranienne, par contre, la répartition granulométrique ne dépend, presque uniquement, que de la grande disponibilité de matériel fin à cet endroit; il n'est pas possible d'en déduire la limite de l'agitation de la mer par les vagues (fig. 3 et 4).Dans ces marnes se trouve une zone, longue et étroite, caractérisée par une production et une sédimentation maximale de pièces squelettiques d'échinodermes (Echinides-Ophiures) (fig. 5). Il est facile de mettre en relation cette zone (de 12 à 14 m à l'abri des îles, jusqu'à 20 et 30 m là où les vagues se propagent librement) et la limite inférieure, localement changeante, de l'effet des vagues; de nombreuses observations, de biologistes entre autres, abondent dans ce sens.Si l'on regroupe tous les résultats obtenus sur un profil transversal du Golfe Persique, ce profil est en forme de cuvette et les points les plus profonds (50–70 m) se situent à peu près à la profondeur déduite d'un calcul théorique (fig. 7).
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![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![mcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1084.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) -![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1102.gif) ![chcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1103.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1099.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zhcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![ecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yacy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1103.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![jcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1081.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1078.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![yucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1097.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![kcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) . ![Gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1043.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1103.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zhcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1078.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![Ecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1069.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1102.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![pcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1078.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ycy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1099.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![yacy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1103.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1084.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![bcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1083.gif) , ![tcy](/content/t7m866282q81305q/xxlarge1090.gif) 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