Radiative Heat Transfer and Hydrostatic Stability in Nocturnal Fog |
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| Authors: | Toru Nishikawa Shigenao Maruyama Seigo Sakai |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan |
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| Abstract: | We have performed a one-dimensional and transient radiative heat transfer analysis in order to investigate interaction between atmospheric radiation and convective instability within a nocturnal fog. The radiation element method using the Ray Emission Model (REM2), which is a generalized numerical method, in conjunction with a line-by-line (LBL) method, is employed to attain high spectral resolution calculations for anisotropically scattering fog. The results show that the convective instability has a strong dependence on radiative properties of the fog. For the condition of a 20- m droplet diameter and liquid water content of 0.1 × 10–3 kg m–3;, the temperature profile within the fog becomes  S shaped, and a convective instability layer forms in the middle or lower level of the fog. However, for the same water content and a 40-m diameter droplet, no strong convective instability layer forms, whereas for a 10-m diameter droplet a strong convective instability is observed. |
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| Keywords: | Anisotropic scattering Hydrostatic stability Line-by-line method Microphysical properties Nocturnal fog Radiative heat transfer |
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