| 横跨喜马拉雅造山带的构造运动转换与变形分配 |
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| 引用本文： | 马晓静,高祥林.横跨喜马拉雅造山带的构造运动转换与变形分配[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(6):1528-1535. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马晓静 高祥林 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地震局地质研究所,北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目:汶川地震发生机理及其大区动力环境研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 喜马拉雅造山带包含喜马拉雅弧和东、西构造结3个基本部分,它们是大陆碰撞后印度板块继续向北移动,并向西藏高原下俯冲产生的构造变形系统.该系统的重要地质特征之一,是同时存在多种不同样式、不同或相反性质的地壳变形,例如地壳南北向缩短与东西向伸展,高原隆起与山间盆地下沉,与造山带走向大致平行的向北倾斜或向南倾斜的逆断层,东西向...
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| 关 键 词： | 喜马拉雅造山带 构造结 构造运动转换 变形分配 分层流变 下地壳流 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-04-06 |
Transformation of tectonic movement and deformation partitioning across the Himalayan orogenic belt |
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| MA Xiao-Jing,GAO Xiang-Lin.Transformation of tectonic movement and deformation partitioning across the Himalayan orogenic belt[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(6):1528-1535. |
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| Authors: | MA Xiao-Jing GAO Xiang-Lin |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | The Himalayan orogenic belt consists of 3 basic units, i.e. the Himalayan arc, eastern and western syntaxes, which are a deformation system resulted from the continuing northward motion and underthrust of the Indian plate after the India-Eurasia collision. In geology, this system is characterized by coexisting various kinds of crustal deformation, such as north-south shortening and east-west extension, plateau uplift and subsidence of intermountain basins, northward or southward dipping thrust faults that are roughly parallel to the strike of the orogenic belt, east-west trending and north-south trending normal faults, northeast or northwest directed strike-slip faults, and flexures around vertical or horizontal axes. These phenomena imply that after the intact and hard India plate plunged beneath the fragmented and soft Tibetan plateau, the northward motion of the Indian rigid body has transformed into various deformation across the Himalayas, which are partitioned in a broad intracontinental region in the north. Such a transformation might occurred in a discontinuous manner during different geological times, yielding varied signatures at different depths. The features of resultant deformation are associated with thermal state at depth and stratified rheology as well as other local conditions, such as the geometrical relationship between the existing structure and motion direction of the India plate, relative strength of deformed geological massifs, interaction between structures and variations of local stress state. The southward convex shape of the Himalayan arc is produced by the southward slide of hanging walls of thrust faults, that is dictated by topography and gravity gradients, roughly perpendicular to the strike of the arc, concealing the possible oblique subduction at depth. The proposed eastward and southeastward flow of lower crust in eastern Tibet is likely in part attributed to the differences of deformation processes in time and space of the eastern and western Himalayan syntaxes, which has limited and changed the deformation style around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. |
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| Keywords: | Himalayan orogenic belt syntaxis transformation of tectonic motion deformation partitioning layered rheology flow of lower crust |
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