Mantle Convection Modeling with Viscoelastic/Brittle Lithosphere: Numerical Methodology and Plate Tectonic Modeling |
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| Authors: | L Moresi F Dufour H-B Mühlhaus |
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| Institution: | CSIRO Exploration and Mining, PO Box 437, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. E-mails: l.moresi@ned.dem.csiro.au, frederic@ned.dem.csiro.au; hans@ned.dem.csiro.au, AU
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| Abstract: | --The earth's tectonic plates are strong, viscoelastic shells which make up the outermost part of a thermally convecting, predominantly viscous layer. Brittle failure of the lithosphere occurs when stresses are high. In order to build a realistic simulation of the planet's evolution, the complete viscoelastic/brittle convection system needs to be considered. A particle-in-cell finite element method is demonstrated which can simulate very large deformation viscoelasticity with a strain-dependent yield stress. This is applied to a plate-deformation problem. Numerical accuracy is demonstrated relative to analytic benchmarks, and the characteristics of the method are discussed. |
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