District-wide drought climatology of the southwest monsoon season over India based on standardized precipitation index (SPI) |
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| Authors: | D S Pai Latha Sridhar Pulak Guhathakurta and H R Hatwar |
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| Institution: | (1) India Meteorological Department, Pune, India |
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| Abstract: | District-wide drought climatology over India for the southwest monsoon season (June–September) has been examined using two
simple drought indices; Percent of Normal Precipitation (PNP) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The season drought
indices were computed using long times series (1901–2003) of southwest monsoon season rainfall data of 458 districts over
the country. Identification of all India (nation-wide) drought incidences using both PNP and SPI yielded nearly similar results.
However, the district-wide climatology based on PNP was biased by the aridity of the region. Whereas district-wide drought
climatology based on SPI was not biased by aridity. This study shows that SPI is a better drought index than PNP for the district-wide
drought monitoring over the country. SPI is also suitable for examining break and active events in the southwest monsoon rainfall
over the country. The trend analysis of district-wide season (June–September) SPI series showed significant negative trends
over several districts from Chattisgarh, Bihar, Kerala, Jharkhand, Assam and Meghalaya, Uttaranchal, east Madhya Pradesh,
Vidarbha etc., Whereas significant positive trends in the SPI series were observed over several districts from west Uttar
Pradesh, west Madhya Pradesh, South & north Interior Karnataka, Konkan and Goa, Madhya Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, East Uttar
Pradesh, Punjab, Gujarat etc. |
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