Hydrogeological investigations of thermal waters in the Sfax Basin (Tunisia) |
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| Authors: | Badia Chulli Aysen Davraz Jalila Makni Mourad Bedir Hamed Ben Dhia |
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| Institution: | (1) Water Researches and Technologies Center, Borj-Cedria Technopark, Route Touristique Soliman, BP 273, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia;(2) Department of Geological Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey;(3) Laboratory 3E, National School of Engineering, Sfax, BP W 3038, Sfax, Tunisia |
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| Abstract: | The Sfax Basin in eastern Tunisia is bounded to the east by the Mediterranean Sea. Thermal waters of the Sfax area have measured
temperatures of 23–36°C, and electrical conductivities of 3,200 and 14,980 μS/cm. Most of the thermal waters are characterized
as Na–Cl type although there are a few Na–SO4–Cl waters. They issue from Miocene units which are made up sands and sandstones interbedded with clay. The Quaternary sediments
cap the system. The heat source is high geothermal gradient which are determined downhole temperature measurements caused
by graben tectonics of the area. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of the Sfax
Basin are undersaturated with respect to gypsum, anhydrite and fluorite, oversaturated with respect to kaolinite, dolomite,
calcite, microcline, quartz, chalcedony, and muscovite. Assessments from various chemical geothermometers, Na–K–Mg ternary
and mineral equilibrium diagrams suggest that the reservoir temperature of the Sfax area can reach up to 120°C. According
to δ18O and δ2H values, all thermal and cold groundwater is of meteoric origin. |
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