| 过度放牧对生态环境的影响与控制对策 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李瑜琴,赵景波.过度放牧对生态环境的影响与控制对策[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):404-408. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李瑜琴 赵景波 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 陕西师范大学,旅游与环境学院,陕西,西安,710062
2. 陕西师范大学,旅游与环境学院,陕西,西安,710062;中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西,西安,710075 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目(03BZS037)，中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG0306，SKLLQG0504)共同资助 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 通过调查和分析过度放牧对草原植物群落类型、盖度、生物量及土壤特性等的影响,可以得出过度放牧造成了非常严重的生态环境问题,反过来,也给牧业带来了不利的影响。过度放牧引起了草原植被的退化和土壤质量的退化,特别是春季的过度放牧对草原植被和土壤质量造成了更为严重的不利影响。草原生态系统易变性和易退化特点决定了放牧容易引起一系列生态环境问题,甚至引起土壤盐碱化、荒漠化和深部土层干化等严重的生态环境问题发生。笔者提出,对草原土层盐碱含量、植被盖度和深部土层含水量、地面大气湿度与含尘量进行监测,并依此为依据制定科学合理的牧业发展计划和管理措施,这对于牧业的长期发展和生态环境的改善是非常必要的。
|
| 关 键 词： | 过度放牧 脆弱环境 草原退化 监控措施 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X(2005)03-0404-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年2月4日 |
Effects of Overgrazing on Ecological and Environmental Construction and Measurement |
| |
| LI Yu-qin,ZHAO Jing-bo.Effects of Overgrazing on Ecological and Environmental Construction and Measurement[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(3):404-408. |
| |
| Authors: | LI Yu-qin ZHAO Jing-bo |
| |
| Institution: | LI Yu-qin 1,ZHAO Jing-bo 1,2 |
| |
| Abstract: | Through investigating and analyzing the effects of overgrazing on the community type, coverage, biomass of pasture vegetation and characteristics of soil, it is showed that overgrazing leads to some very serious environmental problems, which in return exerts adverse effects on animal husbandry. Overgrazing causes grassland deterioration and soil erosion, especially in spring, the damage of overgrazing is the most serious. The changeability and easy to deterioration of pasture ecosystem determine that grazing leads to a series of problems, even causes some serious problems such as salinization or alkalinization, hungriness and drying in deep soil. This paper points out that content of saline-alkaline in soil, vegetation coverage, moisture in deep soil, humidity of subaerial air and its content of atomy should be monitored, which are the bases to establish some rational developmental plans and supervisory measures, it is very necessary for ecological and environmental improvement and long-range development of animal husbandry. |
| |
| Keywords: | overgrazing fragile environment grassland deterioration monitoring measures |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
