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On the connection between the atmospheric electric field measured at the surface and the ionospheric electric field in the Central Antarctica
Authors:AV Frank-Kamenetsky  LN Makarova  VN Morozov  AV Shirochkov  GB Burns
Institution:1. Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint-Petersburg 199397, Russia;2. Main Geophysical Observatory, Saint-Petersburg 194021, Russia;3. Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Australia;1. Laboratory of nanotechnology and nanomedicine (LNMED), University of Tiradentes and Institute of Technology and Research, Aracaju, Brazil;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Hemocentro, School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy;4. Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal;5. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal;6. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Coimbra, Portugal;7. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;8. Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal;9. Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB, UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal;1. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran;3. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Accra, Ghana;4. Biomedical Engineering Unit, University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC), Accra, Ghana;5. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Manama, Bahrain;6. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Harare, Zimbabwe;7. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe;8. Center for Microbiology and Cell Biology, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;9. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Caracas, Venezuela;10. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;11. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children''s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;12. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;13. Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden;1. Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA;2. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, 609 Charles E. Young Dr. East, 1602 Molecular Science Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA;1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, PMB 1008, Anyigba, Nigeria;2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;3. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Federal University, Lafia, PMB 146, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Abstract:Regular measurements of the atmospheric electric field made at Vostok Station (φ=78.45°S; λ=106.87°E, elevation 3500 m) in Antarctica demonstrate that extremely intense electric fields (1000–5000 V/m) can be observed during snow storms. Usually the measured value of the atmospheric electric field at Vostok is about 100–250 V/m during periods with “fair weather” conditions. Actual relation between near-surface electric fields and ionospheric electric fields remain to be a controversial problem. Some people claimed that these intense electric fields produced by snowstorms or appearing before strong earthquakes can re-distribute electric potential in the ionosphere at the heights up to 300 km. We investigated interrelation between the atmospheric and ionospheric electric fields by both experimental and theoretical methods. Our conclusion is that increased near-surface atmospheric electric fields do not contribute notably to distribution of ionospheric electric potential.
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