A solar pattern in the longest temperature series from three stations in Europe |
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| Authors: | Jean-Louis Le Mouël Vladimir Kossobokov Vincent Courtillot |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova 128, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia;2. Institute of Environment and Nature Management, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. B. Khmelnitskogo 2, Blagoveshchensk, 675000, Russia;3. Institute of Natural Resources, Environment, and Geocryology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Butina 26, Chita, 672000, Russia;4. Technical Institute, Filial of Amosov North-Eastern Federal University, ul. Yuzhno-Yakutskaya 23, Neryungri, 678960, Russia;5. Institute of Physical Material Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Sakhiyanovoi 6, Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia;6. Institute of Diamond and Precious Metal Geology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lenina 39, Yakutsk, 677980, Russia;7. Irkutsk State University, ul. K. Marksa 1, Irkutsk, 664003, Russia |
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| Abstract: | We analyze the longest temperature series from Prague, Bologna and Uccle. We partition daily minimum and maximum temperatures and their differences in two subsets as a function of high vs low solar activity, using the superimposed epochs method. Differences display patterns with significant amplitudes and time constants ～3 months. These are recognized in all stations and are stable against a change in the analyzed period. Amplitude of variations is ～1 °C. Differences between average annual values corresponding to high vs low activity periods are also ～1 °C. Solar activity may account for these long-term temperature variations. These variations also present local characteristics, which may render identification of a global correlation delicate. We discuss possible physical mechanisms by which solar variation could force climate changes (e.g. through solar activity itself, the EUV part of the solar flux, cosmic rays, the downward ionosphere-earth current density, etc.). |
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