Assessment of nitrate contamination risk: The Italian experience |
| |
| Authors: | E Capri M Civita A Corniello G Cusimano M De Maio D Ducci G Fait A Fiorucci S Hauser A Pisciotta G Pranzini M Trevisan A Delgado Huertas F Ferrari R Frullini B Nisi M Offi O Vaselli M Vassallo |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Sezione Chimica Vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 — Piacenza, Italy;2. Politecnico di Torino — DITAG, Corso duca degli Abruzzi, 24 — 10129 Torino, Italy;3. Dip. Ing. Idraulica, Geotecnica e Ambientale (DIGA), Sez. Geologia Applicata, Università di Napoli Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, via G. La Pira, 4 50121 Florence, Italy;5. Estacion Experimental de Zaidin (CSIC), Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;6. Dipartimento di Geologia e Geodesia, Università di Palermo, Italy;g Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica della Terra (C.F.T.A.), Università di Palermo, Italy;h Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, sezione di Palermo, Italy |
| |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to show the results of the Italian research project of national interest (PRIN) launched in 2006 and finished in 2008, concerning the “assessment of groundwater contamination risk by nitrates assessment”. The project verified the IPNOA method for nitrate groundwater contamination risk assessment in four test-sites of Italy. The IPNOA is a parametric index which assesses the potential hazard of nitrate contamination originating from agriculture on a regional scale. The method integrates two categories of parameters: the hazard factors (HF), which represent all farming activities that cause, or might cause, an impact on soil quality in terms of nitrate (use of fertilisers, application of livestock and poultry manure, food industry wastewater and urban sludge), and the control factors (CF) which adapt the hazard factors to the characteristics of the site (geographical location, climatic conditions and agronomic practices). Finally, the Potential Risk Map is obtained by coupling the potential hazard of nitrate pollution (IPNOA) and the aquifer Contamination Vulnerability Map. The project was carried out by five Research Units (RU) from the Politecnico di Torino, Universities of Piacenza, Florence, Naples and Palermo. The geochemistry of groundwaters from the four test-sites was studied to determine the distribution of nitrate, and to evaluate groundwater chemical facies. All the study areas are affected by groundwater nitrate contamination and often by hydrogeochemical peculiarities. In some cases isotopic study, δ18O–NO3δ15N–NO3, allowed to differentiate nitrates of chemical fertilisers from those of biological origin, as well as denitrification processes. |
| |
| Keywords: | Groundwater contamination Nitrate Groundwater vulnerability Risk assessment Italy |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
