Multi-scale entropy analysis of Mississippi River flow |
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| Authors: | Zhongwei Li You-Kuan Zhang |
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| Institution: | (1) Environmental Resource Regulation Department, South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL 33406, USA;(2) Department of Geoscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;(3) Center for Hydrosciences Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China |
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| Abstract: | Multi-scale entropy (MSE) analysis was applied to the long-term (131 years) daily flow rates (Q) of the Mississippi River (MR) to investigate possible change in the complexity of the MR system due to human activities
since 1940s. Unlike traditional entropy-based method that calculates entropy at only one single scale, the MSE analysis provided
entropies over multiple time scales and thus accounts for multi-scale structures embedded in time series. It is found that
the sample entropy (S
E) for Q of the MR and its two components, overland flow (OF) and base flow (BF), generally increase as time scale increases. More
importantly, it is found that there have been entropy decreases in Q, OF, and BF over large time scales. In other words, the MR may have been losing its complexity since 1940s. We explain that
the possible loss in the complexity of the MR system may be due to the major changes in land use and land cover and soil conservation
practices in the MR basin since 1940s. |
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| Keywords: | Multiple entropy analysis Complexity Stream flow Overland flow Base flow Land use Land cover change |
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