| 公平和效率视角的中国碳排放区域差异及其固化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周迪,周丰年,郑楚鹏.公平和效率视角的中国碳排放区域差异及其固化研究[J].干旱区地理,2019,42(6):1461-1469. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周迪 周丰年 郑楚鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东外语外贸大学经贸学院,广东广州,510006;长江水利委员会长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海,200136 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目（2018A030310044）；广东省高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划资助项目（2012LYM_0060）；广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划项目（GD15YYJ03） |
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| 摘 要： | 分别从公平和效率的角度考察中国省际碳排放的区域差异，可以比较区域碳减排配额分摊中公平原则和效率原则重要性大小。论文选取1997—2015年中国29个省级地区数据，首先通过包含非期望产出的Super-0SBM模型测算出各地区的碳排放效率，并用人均碳排放量来衡量各地区的碳排放公平情况。随后基于Dagum基尼分解方法以及Markov链方法，分别从整体差异程度和内部差异固化两个方面比较了中国碳排放公平和效率的区域差异情况。研究发现：（1） 中国碳排放公平和碳排放效率呈现出不一致的空间非均衡格局。（2） 不管是整体、还是三大地区之间，中国碳排放效率的差异程度都大于碳排放公平，二者差异没有缩小的趋势。（3） 各地区间碳排放效率的差异固化程度也要高于碳排放公平，中国碳排放的区域“长期低效率”固化问题比区域“长期不公平”固化问题更严重。因此，在计算中国区域碳减排潜力以及进行碳减排配额分摊时，效率原则比公平原则更加重要。中央政府也应更加重视区域碳排放效率的差异问题，更多的从碳排放效率上入手，挖掘其存在的更大碳减排潜力。
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| 关 键 词： | 碳排放公平 碳排放效率 区域差异 Super-SBM模型 Dagum基尼系数 Markov链模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-21 |
Regional differences and its solidification of carbon emission in China: An equity and efficiency perspective |
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| ZHOU Di,ZHOU Feng-nian,ZHENG Chu-peng.Regional differences and its solidification of carbon emission in China: An equity and efficiency perspective[J].Arid Land Geography,2019,42(6):1461-1469. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Di ZHOU Feng-nian ZHENG Chu-peng |
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| Institution: | 1.School of International Trade & Economics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;2 Changjiang River Estuary Water Environment Monitoring Center,Changjiang River Estuary Bureau of Hydrological and Water Resources Survey,Shanghai 200136,China |
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| Abstract: | From the perspective of equity and efficiency, we investigated the difference of carbon production in different provinces and then compared the importance of equity principle and efficiency principle, which is of great significance for the government to formulate a scientific regional carbon emission reduction policy. With the data about 29 provincial-level regions in China from 1997 to 2015,this study firstly calculated the carbon emission efficiency of each province using Super-SBM model, taking capital stock, labor force and energy consumption as input variables, GDP and CO2 emissions as expected and non expected output variables; and calculated the carbon emission equity by the amount carbon emissions per capita. Secondly, based on ArcGIS software, the carbon emission equity and carbon emission efficiency at the beginning and the end of the study period were visualized to study the spatial pattern and differences among them. Finally, the Dagum Gini decomposition method and Markov Chain method were adopted to compares the regional differences of carbon emission equity and efficiency from two aspects: the degree of overall differences and the solidification of internal differences. The results show as follows: (1) There is more and more obvious inconsistency between carbon emission equity and efficiency in different regions of China, and the importance of equity principle and efficiency principle is different for different regions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the important differences of the two principles for different regions. (2) The degree of difference in China’s carbon emission efficiency, whether as a whole or between the three Regions is greater than that of equity, and the difference between them is not going to be narrowed. In terms of contribution sources, regional differences are the main reason for overall differences in carbon emission efficiency, while the overall differences in carbon emission equity takes a small influence relatively. (3) The degree of solidification of regional differences in carbon emission efficiency is also higher than that of carbon emission equity; China’s regional “long term low efficiency” solidification problem of carbon emissions is more serious than that of regional “long term low equity”.Therefore, this paper argues that the principle of efficiency is more important than the principle of equity in calculating China’s regional carbon emission reduction potential and carbon emission reduction quota allocation. The central government should also pay more attention to the difference of regional carbon emission efficiency, start from the efficiency of carbon emissions, tap the potential of carbon emission reduction, and give more support to those areas with “long-term low efficiency” of carbon emissions. |
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| Keywords: | serif carbon emission fairness" target="_blank">">carbon emission fairness carbon emission efficiency regional difference Super-SBM model Dagum Gini coefficient Markov chain model |
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