| 融雪诱发型黄土滑坡活动特征与应急响应模式——以新疆伊犁则克台滑坡为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 魏学利,陈宝成,赵龙,赵楠,李宾.融雪诱发型黄土滑坡活动特征与应急响应模式——以新疆伊犁则克台滑坡为例[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2020,31(6):78-90. |
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| 作者姓名： | 魏学利 陈宝成 赵龙 赵楠 李宾 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830006 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学青年基金（41602331）；新疆交通运输厅科技项目（2019-ZD1-017） |
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| 摘 要： | 2019年4月30日，在新疆的伊犁地区一个高位黄土滑坡复活启动，并远距离掩埋公路和阻塞河道。大约5.04×105 m3黄土体高位滑移剪出冲击铲刮沟道及两侧岸坡。滑坡不定时复活启动机理难以琢磨。本文基于实地详细调查、遥感影像判识、气象数据分析和黄土特征试验等方法，以试图确定黄土滑坡的演变历史、运动过程和复活机理。研究表明，该滑坡曾发生两次大规模滑动破坏，且伴随着坡体地裂缝发展，每年黄土坡体发生不同程度的累积变形破坏。春季温度升高导致积雪快速消融入渗是黄土滑坡变形演化的最重要影响因素，春季融水和暴雨的耦合是控制黄土滑坡发生的根本原因。基于本次灾害发生后成功灾害应急响应过程，提出一种基于早期预警多部门联动的公路灾害应急响应模式。随着区域放牧活动增加和气候变暖加剧，该黄土滑坡将具有极大潜在复活滑动风险。研究可为寒冻区滑坡形成演化和破坏机理提供了新的视野，为服务新疆一带一路区域交通建设具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 新疆伊犁 黄土滑坡 融雪入渗 复活起动机理 应急响应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-29 |
Kinematic characteristics and emergency response model of loess landslide drived by snowmelt: take the Zeketai Landslide in Yili,Xinjiang as an example |
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| Institution: | Transportation Planning Survey and Design Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830006, China |
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| Abstract: | One high loess landslide, which was located in Yili Region of Xinjiang, reactivated and caused long-distance road burying and river blocking on April 30, 2019. About 5.04×105 m3 of loess body was cut out along the high sliding position, and impacted shovel scraping ditch and bank slopes on both sides. However, so far it is difficult to understand the mechanism of unscheduled landslide reactivation. Based on detailed field investigation, remote sensing image identification, meteorological data analysis and loess characteristic test, this paper attempts to determine the formation and evolution history, movement process and reactivation mechanism of loess landslide.The results indicated that in the past this landslide had experienced two large-scale sliding failures, and in the meantime showed different degrees of inherited cumulative deformation failure annually with the development of slope ground fissures and cracks. The rapid snow ablation and infiltration drived by the abnormal temperature rising in spring was the most important influencing factor on deformation evolution of the loess landslide, and the coupling of thawing water and rainstorm in spring was the fundamental reason controlling the occurrence of loess landslides.Based on the successful disaster emergency response process after the disaster occurrence, a multi-department linkage highway disaster emergency response model based on early warning is proposed. Accompanying with the increase of regional grazing activities and climate warming, this loess landslide will have a great potential risk of reactivation sliding in the future. The study can provide a new perspective for researching the formation,evolution and failure mechanism of landslides in frozen regions, and have great significance for serving the traffic construction of One Belt and One Road in Xinjiang. |
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