| 塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张水昌,朱光有,杨海军,苏劲,杨德彬,朱永峰,张斌,崔洁.塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2447-2460. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张水昌 朱光有 杨海军 苏劲 杨德彬 朱永峰 张斌 崔洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院,库尔勒 841000;中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院,库尔勒 841000;中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文受国家"973"项目(2006CB202307)和中国石油科技研究项目(2008A-0601)联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地北部地区奥陶系是最重要的勘探层系,油气资源丰富;同时油气相态复杂多样,既有凝析气藏、正常油藏,也有稠油油藏、沥青等。通过对油气藏形成演化与保存过程的系统分析,结合油气地球化学和流体包裹体等分析数据,发现油气相态的多样性与油气多期次充注与次生蚀变作用有关。提出塔北隆起的东部奥陶系存在三期油气充注过程,分别发生在加里东运动晚期-海西早期、海西运动晚期、喜马拉雅运动晚期,原油主要来源于中、上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气主要来自与寒武系烃源岩有关的液态烃的裂解;塔北隆起的中西部奥陶系的油气充注主要发生在海西运动晚期。塔北奥陶系油藏形成以后,经历了三期明显的调整改造过程:海西早期构造抬升导致志留-泥盆系遭受剥蚀,东部源自寒武系油气的古油藏遭受破坏,形成沥青;三叠系沉积前的晚海西运动,使得奥陶系生源的油藏大范围遭受降解稠化;晚喜山期,来自于满加尔坳陷的天然气自东向西充注,致使隆起东部早期形成的油藏发生强烈的气侵改造,形成次生凝析气藏。而中西部奥陶系油藏在三叠系沉积前遭受降解稠化后,一直处于沉降深埋过程,油藏得到有效保存;由于成藏时间较早,轻质组分散失较多,气油比极低,油质较稠。研究认为,油气相态的多样性主要受晚海西期构造运动的抬升造成的生物降解作用和喜马拉雅晚期构造运动造成的天然气自东向西大规模充注对油藏进行气洗改造两大过程的控制。
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| 关 键 词： | 相态 凝析气藏 稠油 奥陶系 塔里木盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 9/9/2010 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2010/12/18 0:00:00 |
The phases of Ordovician hydrocarbon and their origin in the Tabei uplift,Tarim Basin |
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| ZHANG ShuiChang,ZHU GuangYou,YANG HaiJun,SU Jin,YANG DeBin,ZHU YongFeng,ZHANG Bin and CUI Jie.The phases of Ordovician hydrocarbon and their origin in the Tabei uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(8):2447-2460. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG ShuiChang ZHU GuangYou YANG HaiJun SU Jin YANG DeBin ZHU YongFeng ZHANG Bin and CUI Jie |
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| Institution: | Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla 841000, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla 841000, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Ordovician reservoirs of the northern Tarim Basin with abundant hydrocarbon resources are one of the most important exploration targets, and they have many complex hydrocarbon phases, such as condensates, normal oils, heavy oils and asphalts. Through analyses of the formation and conservation process of marine oil reservoirs and integrated with geochemical data of hydrocarbons and fluid inclusions, we showed that the complexity of hydrocarbon phases was controlled by multi-stage hydrocarbon charging and secondary alteration. Ordovician reservoirs in the eastern Tabei area experienced three stages of hydrocarbon charging, which occurred in Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian, Late Hercynian and Late Himalayan. The oil in these reservoirs was generated mainly from Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks, while the gas was derived from cracking of liquid hydrocarbons associated with Cambrian source rocks. During Late Hercynian, Ordovician reservoirs experienced hydrocarbon charging in the central and western region of the Tabei uplift and there occurred three stages of hydrocarbon adjustment after the formation of Ordovician reservoirs. During Early Hercynian, Silurian-Devonian sequences were eroded due to tectonic uplift, which destroyed paleo-reservoirs of Cambrian hydrocarbons in the east region and formed asphalts. The tectonic movement of pre-Triassic sedimentation in Late Hercynian caused large-scale degradation and densification of Ordovician oils. During Late Himalayan, the gas from the Manjiaer sag charged these reservoirs from east to west, severely altering the early-formed reservoirs and forming secondary condensate gas reservoirs in the eastern uplift. However, Ordovician reservoirs in the central and western region were in a continuously subsiding process and were well preserved after the degradation and densification of the pre-Triassic sedimentation. They are unsaturated reservoirs characteristic of low light components, very low gas/oil ratios and heavy oils due to the early accumulation of hydrocarbons. The study concluded that the diversity of hydrocarbon phases was controlled mainly by two processes, one is the biodegradation due to the Late Hercynian tectonic uplift and the other is the large-scale reconstruction of hydrocarbon reservoirs from east to west by the gas derived from in the Late Himalayan tectonic movement. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrocarbon phases Condensate gas reservoir Heavy oil Ordovician Tarim Basin |
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