The Mutual Response of the Tropical Squall Line and the Ocean |
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| Authors: | X Hong S Raman R M Hodur L Xu |
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| Institution: | (1) Climate and Global Modeling Division, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune, 411 008, India;(2) Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682 016, India;(3) Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Center, Trivandrum, India |
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| Abstract: | —The Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) is used to investigate the mutual response of a tropical squall line and the ocean. Simulated squall line compares well with the observations, and consists of counterrotating vortices, and has a bow shape bulge toward the leading edge. In addition to these features, which are also shown in the previous numerical simulations, the unique results from the coupled simulation indicate that the air–sea interaction processes within the squall line are important. They affect both the atmosphere and the ocean locally. Simulated upper ocean displays significant response to the squall line with upwelling and baroclinicity. Depth of the ocean mixed layer in the coupled simulation becomes modified due to feedback processes. Ocean temperature acts as a destabilizing factor, and the salinity as a stabilizing factor. Surface turbulent fluxes from the coupled simulation are about 10% less than that of the uncoupled simulation. The SST in the coupled simulation decreases by about 0.21°C. Predicted squall line in the coupled simulation is weaker as compared to the uncoupled simulation. This is reflected in terms of differences in surface fluxes, cloud water, rain water and vertical velocities between the two simulations. |
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