Urine blindness and the use of nutrients from human excreta in urban agriculture |
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| Authors: | Jan-Olof Drangert |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, 581 83 Linkoping, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | A brief look around the globe shows that most countries are facing sanitary problems, especially in the expanding cities in
the Southern Hemisphere. Governments and municipal councils are trying hard to improve sanitation conditions within the mind
set of piped systems. There is a need to know what is being done in other countries in order to enlarge the policy options.
Among these are the ones recirculating water and nutrients. This article focuses on excreta disposal systems which use little
or no water, and various ways to use the end products of faeces and urine. Doing away with our urine blindness will pave the
way to discover new possibilities which will save scarce resources in the future.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | urban agriculture ecology urban sanitation recycling nutrient cycle toilet resource development |
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