| 西北特殊地形与沙尘暴发生的关系探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭铌,张杰,韩涛,郭慧.西北特殊地形与沙尘暴发生的关系探讨[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(5):576-581. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭铌 张杰 韩涛 郭慧 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730020 |
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| 基金项目： | "西北干旱区沙尘暴预警、服务系统研究"(2000DIA10031)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用西北地区沙尘暴多发区中心站和毗邻站1961-1999年沙尘暴日数、大风日数和降水资料, 参考相应地区的地形和地表覆盖资料, 结合卫星资料监测事实, 分析了沙尘暴中心站沙尘暴高发以及毗邻站沙尘暴发生较少的原因, 探讨了地形与沙尘暴发生的关系。结果表明: ①沙尘暴中心站沙尘暴高发是地表状况、大风和地形共同作用的结果, 而沙尘暴毗邻站沙尘暴较少的主要原因为沙源与大风不匹配; ②地形对沙尘暴发生有重要作用, 干燥的下垫面产生的热力不稳定和特殊地形产生的气流加速和抬升作用, 对局地沙尘暴的形成和强沙尘暴的触发有重要作用; ③大风和降水的配置对沙尘暴发生有一定影响, 大风日数多且降水较少的时段为沙尘暴的高发期, 随着雨季的到来, 沙尘暴日数明显下降; ④下垫面与沙尘暴发生关系密切, 戈壁地表不利于沙尘暴的发生, 植被覆盖度的增加对沙尘暴有明显的抑制作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 地形 沙尘暴 大风 卫星 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X(2004)05-0576-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2003-10-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年10月15 |
Discussion on Relationship between Sandstorm Occurrence and Special Terrain in Northwest China |
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| GUO Ni,ZHANG Jie,HAN Tao,GUO Hui.Discussion on Relationship between Sandstorm Occurrence and Special Terrain in Northwest China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(5):576-581. |
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| Authors: | GUO Ni ZHANG Jie HAN Tao GUO Hui |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Changing and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China |
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| Abstract: | Using the meteorological data of sandstorm, gale and precipitation of the sandstorm center stations and their near stations in northwest China during 1961-1999, the reasons that sandstorms occurred at high frequency in the center stations and at lower frequency in the near stations were analyzed, thinking of the terrain and landcover in these regions and combining the facts revealed by satellites data. The relationship between sandstorm occurrence and terrain was discussed:(1)The surface conditions, the gales and the terrain are the causes of sandstorms occurred at high frequency in these center stations, while the main reason for the near stations is that the gales do not correspond with sand source.(2)The terrain factor has important effect on the occurrence of sandstorms; the thermal instability over dried regions and the air current accelerated and lifted by special terrains have obvious effect on the forming of local sandstorms and triggering of the strong sandstorms.(3)The match of the time in which the gales and the precipitations happen has some influence on the occurrence of sandstorms. Sandstorms occurred frequently while the gale was more and the precipitation was less; and the days of sandstorm occurring decreased distinctly as the rain increased.(4) There is a fine relationship between the sandstorm occurrence and the underlying surface. Gobi deserts are not good for sandstorm occurring, and also the increase of vegetation cover has much effect on restraining the occurrence of sandstorm. |
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| Keywords: | terrain sandstorm gale satellite |
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