| 中国砂质海滩区域差异分布的构造成因及其堆积地貌研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 雷刚,蔡锋,苏贤泽,曹惠美,戚洪帅,刘建辉,于帆.中国砂质海滩区域差异分布的构造成因及其堆积地貌研究[J].台湾海峡,2014(1):1-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 雷刚 蔡锋 苏贤泽 曹惠美 戚洪帅 刘建辉 于帆 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 |
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| 基金项目： | 基金项目：国家海洋公益行业科研专项资助项目（200905008）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（40976057） |
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| 摘 要： | 砂质海滩的形成与发育是联系地壳深部过程和地表过程的综合体现．本文根据中国沿岸砂质海滩分布状况调查结果，通过分析其分布规律与中国东部沿海中新生代构造地质分区不同海洋沉积环境的内在联系，探讨了砂质海滩区域性差异分布和堆积地貌的成因特点，从而为我国海岸资源利用的宏观配置和管理提供科学依据．研究得出：（1）中国沿岸砂质海滩的形成与发育受中新生代地质构造带控制，尤其受新构造期地壳断块升降活动差异性的影响，呈现出区域性富集的格局．（2）中国砂质海滩基本形成在构造隆起带岬湾沿岸，并且富集在其中新构造期处于上升区的海岸，这主要在于其区域性海岸环境具有形成砂质沉积的物质基础．（3）构造隆起带滨海泥沙的输沙途径及其再分配形式复杂多样，从而产生了各种不同的砂质海滩堆积地貌类型．（4）根据海岸地貌和沉积成因模式，将中国沿岸砂质海滩划分为岬湾海岸叠置沙体沉积形式、滨外坝沙体连续沉积形式和浪控三角洲平原岸改造沉积形式等3种基本模型．（5）沿海晚第四世纪古夷平地貌面与现代海平面相对高程分布的分析表明，山丘岬湾岸型砂质海滩主要形成在新构造运动下沉区段或构造相对稳定区段，而台地岬湾岸型和泻湖一沙坝岸型形成在上升区段，浪控三角洲平原岸型则分布在断块盆地．
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋地质学 海岸资源 砂质海滩 沉积环境 地质构造 |
Tectonic geneses of regional differential distribution and accumulated morphology of Chinese sandy beaches |
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| LEI Gang,CAI Feng,SU Xian-ze,CAO Hui-mei,QI Hong-shuai,LIU Jian-hui,YU Fan.Tectonic geneses of regional differential distribution and accumulated morphology of Chinese sandy beaches[J].Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait,2014(1):1-10. |
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| Authors: | LEI Gang CAI Feng SU Xian-ze CAO Hui-mei QI Hong-shuai LIU Jian-hui YU Fan |
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| Institution: | (Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China) |
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| Abstract: | Formation and development of sandy beaches were a comprehensive result of the crust deep-processes and surface-processes. Based on the results of distributional situations of sandy beaches investigated along Chinese coasts,this paper analyzes the internal relations between the distributional patterns and the different depositional en- vironments of coastal ocean on the different geologic tectonic zones formed in Mesozoic-Cenozoic eras in the East China. At the same time, the genetic characteristics of regional differential distribution and accumulated morphology of Chinese sandy beaches are studied, with aim to provide scientific basis for macroscopic allocation and manage- ment of coastal resources. The study indicates that firstly,the formation and development of Chinese sandy beaches are controlled obviously by geologic tectonic zones formed in Mesozoic-Cenozoic eras, especially for the elevation and subsidence of diastrophic fault blocks of neoteetonie movements. As a result the distribution of beaches shows regional concentration pattern in China. Secondly, Chinese sandy beaches basically formed along the cape-bay coasts of tectonic uplifting zones and aggregated on the coasts of elevated regions caused by neotectonic movements. Thus, it was mainly determined by the regional coastal material resources of sandy deposits. Thirdly, littoral sand transport and its redistribution patterns are varied in tectonic uplifting zones that resulted in numerous types of accu- mulated morphology of Chinese sand beaches. Fourthly, according to the coastal morphologies and the accumulated geneses, Chinese sandy beaches are classified as 3 basic models, i. e. , the sandy beach deposited to pile up on a coast of cape-bay, the deposited in a succession of barrier and the deposited as a result of erosive conversion of delta coast dominated by wave. Fifthly, the analyses of relative elevation distribution between razed palaeo-morphological level in late-Quaternary period along coastal areas and the present sea level indicates that the mountain hilly capebay coastal types of sandy beaches were mainly formed on the subsidence regions or relative tectonic-stable regions of neotectonic movements, while the platform cape-bay coastal types and the lagoon-barrier coastal types were formed on elevated regions and coastal types of delta plain dominated by wave were formed on the block basin regions. |
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| Keywords: | marine geology coastal resources sandy beaches depositional environment geologic structure |
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