| 南沙深海沉积物中石油降解菌的分离鉴定和多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 周中文,;崔喜艳,;邵宗泽.南沙深海沉积物中石油降解菌的分离鉴定和多样性分析[J].台湾海峡,2014(3):299-305. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周中文 ;崔喜艳 ;邵宗泽 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所、国家海洋局海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室,福建厦门361005; [2]大连海洋学校,辽宁大连116023; [3]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41106151,41176154）;国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项资助项目（201005032） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解我国南沙海域中石油降解菌的多样性,认识其在环境自净中作用并获得用于石油污染生物修复的菌种资源,以不同链长烷烃及支链烷烃对南沙深海沉积物样品进行富集与烃降解菌的分离鉴定,并结合16S rRNA基因文库和DGGE技术对降解菌群的结构进行了分析.结果表明：通过16S rRNA基因文库构建及PCR-DGGE分析发现,不同链长烷烃富集后的菌群中,食烷菌（Alcanivorax）在各降解菌群中都是绝对优势菌;另外,除烃海杆菌（Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus）、海绵假单胞菌（Pseudomonas pachastrellae）,以及Idiomarina与Kangiella属的细菌也是菌群中较重要的优势菌.此外,通过2种平板培养基从烷烃富集的降解菌群中分离获得了8个不同属的细菌.本研究还首次发现Kangiella属（食烷菌科）的细菌可能参与了烷烃降解.南沙沉积物烷烃降解菌多为γ-Proteobacteria;其中,食烷菌科（Alcanivoraceae）（Alcanivorax与Kangiella属）的细菌在降解菌群中是绝对优势菌,假单胞菌与海杆菌在烷烃降解过程中也起着重要作用.
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋生物学 沉积物 烷烃降解菌 生物多样性 食烷菌 南沙海域 |
Diversity and characterization of alkane-degrading bacteria in the sediment of Nansha area of South China Sea |
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| Institution: | ZHOU Zhong-wen, CUI Xi-yan, SHAO Zong-ze ( 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resourees, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005,China; 2. Dalian Oceanography School, Dalian 116023, China ;3. School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China) |
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| Abstract: | To detect the diversity of alkane-degrading bacteria in the sediment of South China Sea for oil pollution bioremediation, enrichments with different n-alkanes of varied chain length were conducted and the bacteria consortia were analyzed, with help of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE. As a result, 10 oil-degrading communities were obtained which can grow with C9 - C32, as well as pristane. From these oil-degrading communities, 1 0 bacterial strains belonging to 8 genera were isolated. Most of these isolated populations have been previously reported as n-alkanes degraders. In communities enriched with different alkanes, bacteria of Alcanivorax genus proved to be the most dominant member. In addition, bacteria belonged to genus of Pseudomonas, Marinobacter, Idiomarina and Kangiella were also prevalent in most of consortia. Our results suggest that bacteria of family Alcanivorax and Kangiella play a key role in degrading alkanes from short to long chain length, and even to branched chain alkane, while other bacteria such as Marinobacter and Pseudomonas also play a certain role in the process. |
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| Keywords: | marine biology sediment alkane-degrading bacteria biodiversity Alcanivorax Nansha Sea |
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