The generation of hard X-rays and relativistic protons observed during solar flares |
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| Authors: | I M Podgorny Yu V Balabin E V Vashenyuk A I Podgorny |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Astronomy,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia;2.Polar Geophysical Institute, Kola Science Center,Russian Academy of Sciences,Apatity, Murmanskaya oblast,Russia;3.Lebedev Physical Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia |
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| Abstract: | The flare source of thermal X-rays above a magnetic arch in the corona arises from the dissipation of the magnetic energy
of the current sheet formed at the reconnection of magnetic-field lines. The sources of hard X-rays emitted from the footpoints
of the magnetic arch are beams of electrons accelerated in field-aligned currents induced by the Hall electric field generated
in the current sheet. Both the hard X-rays detected above the active region and the type III radio emission are radiated by
electrons accelerated in the field-aligned currents induced by Alfven waves. The solar cosmic rays are emitted promptly at
the instant of the flare. It is important that the Lorentz electric field accelerates protons along the singular magnetic
X line. The relativistic protons propagate along the interplanetary magnetic field. These protons have exponential spectra,
typical for acceleration occurring in current sheets. A mechanism that is relevant for the generation of delayed cosmic rays,
which demonstrate significant anisotropy and a power-law spectrum with γ ∼5, is also discussed. |
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