Assessing spatial and attribute errors in large national datasets for population distribution models: a case study of Philadelphia county schools |
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| Authors: | Lauren Patterson Marie Urban Aaron Myers Budhendra Bhaduri Eddie Bright Phillip Coleman |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Saunders Hall, PO Box 3220, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA;(2) Geographic Information Science & Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA |
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| Abstract: | Geospatial technologies and digital data have developed and disseminated rapidly in conjunction with increasing computing
efficiency and Internet availability. The ability to store and transmit large datasets has encouraged the development of national
infrastructure datasets in geospatial formats. National datasets are used by numerous agencies for analysis and modeling purposes
because these datasets are standardized and considered to be of acceptable accuracy for national scale applications. At Oak
Ridge National Laboratory a population model has been developed that incorporates national schools data as one of the model
inputs. This paper evaluates spatial and attribute inaccuracies present within two national school datasets, Tele Atlas North
America and National Center of Education Statistics (NCES).
Schools are an important component of the population model, because they are spatially dense clusters of vulnerable populations.
It is therefore essential to validate the quality of school input data. Schools were also chosen since a validated schools
dataset was produced in geospatial format for Philadelphia County; thereby enabling a comparison between a local dataset and
the national datasets.
Analyses found the national datasets are not standardized and incomplete, containing 76 to 90 percent of existing schools.
The temporal accuracy of updating annual enrollment values resulted in 89 percent inaccuracy for 2003. Spatial rectification
was required for 87 percent of NCES points, of which 58 percent of the errors were attributed to the geocoding process. Lastly,
it was found that by combining the two national datasets, the resultant dataset provided a more useful and accurate solution. |
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| Keywords: | Data integrity LandScan USA National dataset Population distribution model Quality control Validation and verification |
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