| 胶州湾海域浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘淑雅,陈楠生.胶州湾海域浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性研究[J].海洋科学,2021,45(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘淑雅 陈楠生 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所,中国科学院海洋研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B 类），XDB42000000号；自然科学基金委青年科学基金项目（41906118）；中国科学院率先行动“百人计划”；泰山学者特聘专家计划；源头创新计划(人才发展专项-第五批创业创新领军人才研发补助(19-3-2-16-zhc) |
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| 摘 要： | 胶州湾是我国一个典型的近海海湾,也是近海生态系统的缩影。历史上胶州湾海域赤潮频发,因此也是研究赤潮暴发机制(包括赤潮物种组成、时空动态变化及对环境因子响应)的理想实验场所。迄今,几代科学家对胶州湾浮游植物和赤潮物种开展了长期而系统的调查研究,获得了大量的研究成果。为了系统跟踪胶州湾海域浮游植物群落组成,尤其是赤潮物种的组成变化,解读基于分子标记的宏条形码分析结果,本文对近84年间(1936年-2019年)胶州湾海域涉及浮游植物调研的54个调查数据进行了系统的统计和比较分析。文献共报道了549种浮游植物,包括硅藻326种、甲藻164种、绿藻21种、金藻9种、隐藻9种、淡色藻6种、定鞭藻5种、蓝藻3种、黄藻3种、下睫虫2种、裸藻1种和针胞藻1种。其中只有不到一半(40.29%)的浮游植物的全长18S rDNA序列得到解析,表明分子标记数据库需要继续完善,促进宏条形码分析的有效应用。胶州湾海域的优势浮游植物随时间发生了较大变化,但是甲藻与硅藻数目的比例没有显著的变化。统计表明,胶州湾共鉴定到153种赤潮物种,包括硅藻79种、甲藻67种、定鞭藻2种、金藻2种、淡色藻1种、黄藻1种和针胞藻1种。胶州湾海域典型的优势赤潮物种包括中肋骨条藻、短角弯角藻、旋链角毛藻、加氏星杆藻、日本星杆藻、星脐圆筛藻和尖刺拟菱形藻。本文通过系统综述胶州湾浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性,为利用宏条形码和宏基因组等方法跟踪研究胶州湾和其他海域的浮游植物和赤潮物种的演化奠定了基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 航次调查 浮游植物 赤潮物种 胶州湾 有害藻华 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/10/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/11/19 0:00:00 |
Biodiversity analysis of phytoplankton and harmful algal bloom species in the Jiaozhou Bay |
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| liushuya and chennansheng.Biodiversity analysis of phytoplankton and harmful algal bloom species in the Jiaozhou Bay[J].Marine Sciences,2021,45(4). |
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| Authors: | liushuya and chennansheng |
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| Institution: | Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | As a typical offshore bay, Jiaozhou Bay is the epitome of China"s offshore ecosystem. Jiaozhou Bay has been reported to form HABs (Harmful algal blooms) many times in the past years, thus it is an ideal experimental site to study the outbreak mechanism of HABs in China, including the HAB species composition and dynamic changes. To systematically track the composition of phytoplankton community in the Jiaozhou Bay, especially the HAB species, 54 survey data related to phytoplankton during the past 84 years (1936-2019) were statistically and comparatively analyzed. Altogether, these expeditions identified 549 phytoplankton species, including 326 Bacillariophyta, 164 Dinoflagellata, 21 Chlorophyta, 9 Chrysophyta, 9 Cryptophyta, 6 Ochrophyta, 5 Haptophyta, 3 Cyanophyta, 2 Xanthophyta, 2 Katablepharidophyta, 1 Euglenophyta and 1 Rhaphidophyta. Among them, only 40.29% species have the full length 18S rDNA sequence, indicating that the molecular marker database needs to be further improved to promote the effective application of metabarcoding analysis. The dominant phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay changed greatly with time, but the ratio of Dinoflagellata to Bacillariophyta did not change significantly. Statistics show that 153 HAB species were identified, including 79 Bacillariophyta, 67 Dinoflagellata, 2 Haptophyta, 2 Chrysophyta, 1 Ochrophyta, 1 Xanthophyta and 1 Rhaphidophyta. The typical dominant HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay include Skeletonema costatum, Eucampia zodiacus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Asterionella kariana, Asterionella japonica, Coscinodiscus asteromphalus and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens. Through the systematic statistics of the biodiversity of phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay, this review lays a foundation for further tracking and studying the evolution of phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay and other sea areas. |
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| Keywords: | Voyage investigations Phytoplankton Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) HAB species Jiaozhou Bay |
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