| 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的荒漠化土地范畴 |
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| 引用本文： | 张煜星,孙司衡.《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的荒漠化土地范畴[J].中国沙漠,1998,18(2):188-192. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张煜星 孙司衡 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国荒漠化监测中心 北京 100714 |
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| 摘 要： | 在论述了荒漠与荒漠化的内涵概念及演变后,根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的荒漠化定义,分析了荒漠与荒漠化土地的概念范畴,认为荒漠是气候变化影响下形成的较稳定的景观,也是土地荒漠化正过程的可能最终结果,其植被构成较稳定的顶极或亚顶极群落,组成稳定的生态系统;并提出了荒漠化发展程度"先逆后正"的评价方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 联合国 公约 荒漠 荒漠化土地 范畴 |
| 收稿时间： | 1997-05-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 1998-01-20 |
DESERTIFIED LAND CATEGORY OF UN CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION |
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| ZHANG Yu-xing,SUN Si-heng.DESERTIFIED LAND CATEGORY OF UN CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION[J].Journal of Desert Research,1998,18(2):188-192. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yu-xing SUN Si-heng |
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| Institution: | Chinese Desertification Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100714 |
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| Abstract: | According to the definition in the UN Convention to combat desertification, desertification means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors which including climatic variation and human activities. For a long time, scientists in China have different opinions on whether desert is desertified land. The formative processes of desert went gradually, and was not the reason of geologic motion directly produced. The geologic process resulted in dry climate, with which the land experinced strong physical weathering and salt accumulation, gradually lacked vegetation and evolved into desert. Meanwhile, it can't recognized that human activity has its function in the desert formation, although the beginning of mankind activity is remote. Therefore, there is no doubt that desert is resulted from various factors including climate change, human activity etc.. Desert is a type of land with the severest desertification degree, and should belong to the scope of desertified land. Desertification is a process, and desert is the final result of a positive course of desertification. In desert ecosystem, vegetation and environment stay stable relatively. while, the land system being in desertification processes is a fragile ecological system, in which positive and negative desertification processes happen alternatively. The tendency of the system evolution exists two opposite directionsdesert and oasis. The present land system is only a time-space point in very long land system evolution. Probably it has undergone for many times of recycling in steppe-farmland-steppe. Thus it is important to definite the degree of land degradation. But zero level is hard to be measured. In the light of present condition, it is difficult not only in all country, but also in a region to realize a unite zero level. Desert ecological system is relatively stable, although internal positive and negative process exist also. If desert is regarded as the initial level for comparison, the degree of land desertification could be determined with the evaluating method of "negative first and positive second", the desertification degree for most lands can be judged. |
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| Keywords: | UN Convention Desert Desertified land Scope |
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