| 蒋家沟泥石流激发土壤水分条件的模拟与分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 汤家法.蒋家沟泥石流激发土壤水分条件的模拟与分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2009,20(3):90-95. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汤家法 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都,610031 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放基金研究项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤水分状况是形成泥石流的关键性水文因素之一。本文以蒋家沟为研究对象，基于水分的物理循环过程并与半分布式水文分布模型TOPMODEL相结合，建立起土壤湿度逐日变化模拟模型。研究表明，流域的平均饱和度是土壤水分条件评估的较好的指标，结合蒋家沟流域2001年暴发的17场次的泥石流事件得到以下一些结论：（1）前期降水主要积累在地表以下约90cm土壤中；（2）65％的流域平均饱和度值是判断激发泥石流的前期土壤水分条件的临界值；（3）2001年蒋家沟流域暴发的17场次的泥石流中，以土体饱和启动为主要类型。本文所构造的模型能够比较好地模拟出流域内土壤湿度逐日变化情况并对激发泥石流的土壤水分条件作出适当的评估。
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| 关 键 词： | 泥石流 土壤水分条件 水分循环物理过程 TOPMODEL 流域平均饱和度 |
THE SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF SOIL WATER CONDITIONS OF THE DEBRIS FLOW EVENTS IN THE JIANGJIA RAVINE |
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| TANG Jia-fa.THE SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF SOIL WATER CONDITIONS OF THE DEBRIS FLOW EVENTS IN THE JIANGJIA RAVINE[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2009,20(3):90-95. |
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| Authors: | TANG Jia-fa |
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| Institution: | TANG Jia-fa (College of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China) |
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| Abstract: | Soil moisture is one of the key hydro reasons that caused the debris flow. In this paper, a simulation model, based on the physical process of hydro cycle and the distributed hydrology model： TOPMODEL,is built to simulate the soil moisture variation in Jiangjia ravine in 2001. The simulation result shows that the average catchment saturation degree is a quite good index to evaluate the soil water conditions. It shows that： （1） The history precipitation was accumulated in the soil near the land surface （about 90 cm） ; （2） The value of the 65% of the average catchment saturation degree is the critical soil water condition of the debris flow; （3） Most of the debris flow events occurred in Jiangjia ravine in 2001 are those which are initiated by the saturated soil. It can be said that the simulation model built in this paper can be used to simulate the variation of the soil moisture and to evaluate the soil water conditions in Jiangjia Ravine. |
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| Keywords: | TOPMODEL |
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