| 北京批发企业空间格局演化与区位选择因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩会然,杨成凤,宋金平.北京批发企业空间格局演化与区位选择因素[J].地理学报,2018,73(2):219-231. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩会然 杨成凤 宋金平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,芜湖 2410022. 安徽师范大学城市与区域规划研究中心,芜湖 2410023. 北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京 100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSKY2016D42);国家自然科学基金项目(41271132);安徽师范大学博士科研启动金(2017XJJ35) |
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| 摘 要： | 随着服务业对居民生产、生活影响程度逐渐增强,其企业区位选择已成为从微观视角解析城市空间结构的重要途径。以北京为典型案例地,将批发企业作为研究对象,运用核密度估计方法、Ripley's K(d)函数以及条件Logit模型,分析了北京批发企业空间格局演变规律与集聚特征,在此基础上探究了批发企业区位选择的影响因素。结果表明：① 从空间分布特征来看,批发企业主要集中在北京五环以内,且呈现明显的空间集聚特征,集聚规模主要集中在0~28 km范围内;② 从空间集聚强度看,集聚峰值出现的距离不断向外扩张,二环内集聚强度有所下降,并在外围形成了3个核心集聚区;③ 地方化经济、城市化经济、土地价格、集聚效益、劳动力成本等因素对批发企业区位选择具有显著影响,其中土地价格和集聚效益的影响最大,新企业在区位选择中都存在明显的集聚效益;④ 从不同类型批发企业来看,外资批发企业通过检验的影响因素较少,受已有该企业空间分布的影响显著且对交通区位条件、创新环境要求更高,但商业基准地价在外资企业区位选择中影响不显著。
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| 关 键 词： | 批发企业 空间分布 区位选择 北京 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-11 |
Impact factors of location choice and spatial pattern evolution of wholesale enterprises in Beijing |
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| HAN Huiran,YANG Chengfeng,SONG Jinping.Impact factors of location choice and spatial pattern evolution of wholesale enterprises in Beijing[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(2):219-231. |
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| Authors: | HAN Huiran YANG Chengfeng SONG Jinping |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China2. Center for Urban and Regional Planning Studies, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China3. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the reform and opening up, Chinese cities have experienced a period of rapid transformation and reconstruction against the background of economic globalization. Industrial development is one of the main driving forces of urban spatial expansion; therefore, urban spatial reconstruction in China is first reflected in the reconstruction of industrial space during the transition period. Alongside rapid urbanization, urban industrial construction has gradually shifted from the secondary industry to the tertiary industry, which has an increasing impact on residents' production and living. Thus, paying attention to the spatial distribution of the service industry and its location selection factors has become an important way to explore urban spatial reconstruction. The wholesale industry is an important part of a city's service industry, which has an important influence on commercial production, circulation and consumption. Because wholesale enterprises involve a great number of employees, and its spatial distribution pattern caused traffic congestion, environmental pollution and a series of urban problems, the location of wholesale enterprises has become a hot topic amongst scholars. This paper uses Beijing as a typical example, takes wholesale enterprises as the research object, and analyzes the spatial pattern evolution and agglomeration characteristics of wholesale enterprises in Beijing using kernel density estimation and Ripley's K(d) function. It then explores the influencing factors of the wholesale enterprise location selection by means of Conditional Logit model. The results show that: (1) In the perspective of spatial distribution, wholesale enterprises are mainly concentrated within the Fifth Ring Road, and present obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics; the scale of agglomeration is mainly concentrated in a range of 0-28 km. (2) Seen from the spatial agglomeration strength, the agglomeration peak distance is constantly expanding, the concentration decreased within the Second Ring Road, and three core groupings are formed in a peripheral area. (3) Local economy, city economy, land price, labor cost, infrastructure and spatial distance have a significant influence on the location choice of wholesale enterprises, and land price and agglomeration is the most prominent of all. (4) According to different types of enterprises, foreign enterprises have a great demand for better traffic conditions and innovation environment, but the impact of commercial benchmark land price on the location choice is not significant. |
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| Keywords: | wholesale enterprises spatial distribution location choice Beijing |
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